Neighborhood Variation in the Price of Cheap Tobacco Products in California: Results From Healthy Stores for a Healthy Community

Henriksen, Lisa; Andersen-Rodgers, Elizabeth; Zhang, Xueying; Roeseler, April; Sun, Dennis L.; Johnson, Trent O; Schleicher, Nina C.

doi:10.1093/ntr/ntx089

Cited by 40 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 34 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The number of stores selected was based in proportion to the race/ethnicity percentage ranking of each zip code. Store type was categorized using standard definitions ( Henriksen et al, 2017a , Henriksen et al, 2017b ; Ribisl et al, 2017 ). Approximately 10,200 of the 11,600 licensed tobacco retailers were eligible under our store criteria, and 2556 of the eligible stores were in the selected zip codes for this study (22% of licensed tobacco retail stores in Los Angeles County).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notably, a few recent studies indicate that LCCs are disproportionately advertised and sold at lower prices in stores located in racial/ethnic minority and low-income neighborhoods ( Cantrell et al, 2013 ; Henriksen et al, 2017a ). In California, Henriksen et al (2017a) found that a flavored Swisher Sweets cigarillo, a top-selling cigarillo brand, cost significantly less in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African American, Hispanic/Latino, and low-income residents. Almost 80% of LCC retailers near public schools in California offer LCCs for ≤$1, and larger packs (5-and 6-packs) of LCCs are available for ≤$1 near schools in lower-income neighborhoods ( Henriksen et al, 2017b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In California, Henriksen et al (2017a) found that a flavored Swisher Sweets cigarillo, a top-selling cigarillo brand, cost significantly less in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African American, Hispanic/Latino, and low-income residents. Almost 80% of LCC retailers near public schools in California offer LCCs for ≤$1, and larger packs (5-and 6-packs) of LCCs are available for ≤$1 near schools in lower-income neighborhoods ( Henriksen et al, 2017b ). In Washington, DC, Cantrell et al (2013) found more retail LCC marketing in predominantly African American and low-income neighborhoods.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Disparities in retail marketing for little cigars and cigarillos in Los Angeles, California

Smiley

Kintz

Rodriguez

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Evidence of a concentration of cigarette advertising in predominantly low-income, non-White neighborhoods underscores the need to examine retail marketing and promotions for novel tobacco products like little cigars and cigarillos (LCCs). We sought to investigate neighborhood racial/ethnic disparities in LCC marketing at retail, including availability, advertising, price promotions, and product placement in Los Angeles, California. Methods Between January 2016 and April 2017, community health workers (n = 19) conducted in-person observational audits from tobacco retail stores (n = 679) located in zip codes with a high percentage of non-Hispanic White (n = 196), Black (n = 194), Hispanic/Latino (n = 189), or Korean American (n = 100) residents. To account for clustering effect of zip codes, multilevel modeling approach for a dichotomized outcome was conducted to evaluate the association between racial/ethnic neighborhood sample and dependent variables. Results Stores located in zip codes with a high percentage of non-Hispanic Blacks had more than eight times higher odds of selling LCCs (OR = 8.10; 95% CI = 3.10–21.11 vs. non-Hispanic White), more than five times higher odds of selling flavored LCCs (OR = 5.20; 95% CI = 2.33–11.61 vs. non-Hispanic White), and more than six times higher odds of displaying storefront exterior LCC signage (OR = 6.03; 95% CI = 2.93–12.40 vs. non-Hispanic White). Stores in Hispanic/Latino and Korean American communities had about three times higher odds of selling LCCs (OR = 3.02; 95% CI = 1.15–7.93 vs. non-Hispanic White; OR = 2.99; 95% CI = 1.33–6.71 vs. non-Hispanic White). Conclusions LCCs are heavily marketed in retail establishments in Los Angeles, with disproportionate targeting of predominantly non-White neighborhoods, especially stores in neighborhoods with a higher proportion of African Americans. Local, state, and federal flavor restrictions, minimum pack size standards, preventive messages, and campaigns could counter the influence of LCC marketing in retail establishments.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Disparities in retail marketing for little cigars and cigarillos in Los Angeles, California

Smiley

Kintz

Rodriguez

et al. 2019

Addictive Behaviors Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Tobacco manufacturers, for example, may have lowered the price of some cigarettes, or introduced new discount brands to coincide with the tax increase 16–18. This could result in substantial savings for smokers: pretax hike, the cheapest cigarette pack in California cost nearly 21% less than the average-priced pack statewide 19. Nationally, some premium brands cost less in neighbourhoods like the Tenderloin with higher proportions of African-Americans,20 a pricing strategy that could also blunt the financial impact of the tax increase.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retailers’ perspectives on selling tobacco in a low-income San Francisco neighbourhood after California’s $2 tobacco tax increase

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundCalifornia’s tobacco tax increased by $2.00 per pack in 2017. Although such increases are among the most effective tobacco control strategies, little is known about their impact from the perspective of corner store owners in low-income neighbourhoods with high concentrations of tobacco outlets.MethodsWe interviewed 38 corner store owners and managers in San Francisco’s Tenderloin, the district with the city’s highest tobacco outlet density, 60–90 days following implementation of the tax increase. Questions focused on perceptions of the impact of the higher tobacco tax on their revenues, customers and tobacco company promotions. We used qualitative content analysis to identify, compare and reconcile key themes.ResultsMost retailers reported a decline in cigarette sales, with customers buying fewer cigarettes, switching to cheaper brands or other products like marijuana, or trying to quit smoking. Retailers described challenges associated with running a small business and selling tobacco and concerns about selling a product that is ‘bad’ for customers’ health. Contrary to expectation, tobacco companies appeared to be offering few product promotions in this neighbourhood.ConclusionsSmall, independent retailers’ concerns, about selling tobacco and about the health and well-being of customers, suggest that such retailers may be important allies in tobacco control efforts,particularly those focused on the point-of-sale.

show abstract

“…The number of stores selected was based in proportion to the race/ethnicity percentage ranking of each zip code. Store type was categorized using standard definitions 7 . Approximately 10200 of the 11600 licensed tobacco retailers were eligible under our store criteria, and 2556 of the eligible stores were in the selected zip codes for this study (22% of licensed tobacco retail stores in Los Angeles County).…”

Section: Study Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

Retail marketing for chewing tobacco in Los Angeles, California

Smiley¹,

Kintz²,

Baezconde‐Garbanati³

2019

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

INTRODUCTION Retail marketing for chewing tobacco may be different across racial/ethnic neighborhoods, possibly leading to diverging patterns of use and disparate health risks relating to consumption. This study aimed to compare the frequencies of available chewing tobacco, available flavored chewing tobacco, price promotions, and exterior advertisements in tobacco retail stores in Los Angeles, California. METHODS In-person observational audits from tobacco retail stores (n=679) located in predominantly non-Hispanic White (n=196), non-Hispanic Black/African American (n=194), Hispanic/Latino (n=189), or Korean American (n=100) neighborhoods were conducted between January 2016 and April 2017. RESULTS There were statistically significant associations (p<0.001) between racial/ ethnic neighborhood and chewing tobacco marketing, where retailers located in non-Hispanic White neighborhoods sold and advertised chewing tobacco and flavored chewing tobacco, used price promotions, and displayed exterior advertisements more frequently than retailers located in African American, Korean American, and Hispanic/Latino neighborhoods. CONCLUSIONS Stronger restrictions on chewing tobacco, price promotions and flavored versions could mitigate exposure and access to these products in the retail environment.

show abstract

Neighborhood Variation in the Price of Cheap Tobacco Products in California: Results From Healthy Stores for a Healthy Community

Cited by 40 publications

References 34 publications

Disparities in retail marketing for little cigars and cigarillos in Los Angeles, California

Disparities in retail marketing for little cigars and cigarillos in Los Angeles, California

Retailers’ perspectives on selling tobacco in a low-income San Francisco neighbourhood after California’s $2 tobacco tax increase

Retail marketing for chewing tobacco in Los Angeles, California

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About