Neighbourhood life and social capital: the implications for health

Ziersch, Anna; Baum, Fran; MacDougall, Colin; Putland, Christine

doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.04.027

Cited by 341 publications

(227 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Esta não pretende ser uma revisão completa, visto que novas evidências aparecem rapidamente. Com relação à saúde vários níveis de análise têm sido propostos: (i) indivíduos ou domicílios 53,54,55,56,57,58,59,60,61,62,63,64,65 ; (ii) vizinhança ou bairros 51,66,67,68,69,70,71 ; (iii) regiões 72,73 ; (iv) Estados de um único país 74,75,76,77,78,79,80,81,82,83,84,85,86,87,88,89,90,91 ; e (v) entre países 92,93 .…”

Section: Relacionamento Entre Capital Social E Saúdeunclassified

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Capital social e a agenda de pesquisa em epidemiologia

Pattussi

Moysés²,

Junges

et al. 2006

Cad. Saúde Pública

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IntroduçãoNos últimos anos, o conceito de "capital social" tem sido utilizado na literatura internacional em uma vasta gama de disciplinas entre as quais: sociologia, antropologia, educação, economia, ciências políticas, criminologia e saúde pública. Trata-se de um conceito desafiador, pois incorpora o freqüentemente negligenciado "social" com o onipotente "capital". Capital social enfatiza o fato de que formas e relações não-monetárias podem ser importantes fontes de poder e influência 1 .Sua proeminência recente, na área da saú-de, é simultânea ao momento em que a epidemiologia está passando por uma profunda revisão crítica de suas próprias capacidades para capturar fenômenos sociais 2 . A literatura corrente também evidencia que, devido ao fato de o conceito ser entendido e avaliado de diferentes formas, muitas críticas têm sido feitas quanto ao seu uso 3,4 .No entanto, um grande e crescente número de pesquisas tem sugerido que capital social favorece a saúde das pessoas. Sociedades com altos níveis de capital social parecem ser mais igualitárias, as pessoas são mais envolvidas na vida pública, vivem mais, são menos violentas e avaliam melhor a sua própria saúde 5,6,7 .O principal objetivo deste artigo é revisar, na literatura epidemiológica, a relação estabelecida entre o conceito de capital social e o pro-

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Section: Relacionamento Entre Capital Social E Saúdeunclassified

“…Os benefícios do capital social para a saúde das populações também têm sido demonstrados por meio de pesquisas qualitativas 56,103,104,105,106 .…”

Section: Relacionamento Entre Capital Social E Saúdeunclassified

Capital social e a agenda de pesquisa em epidemiologia

Pattussi

Moysés²,

Junges

et al. 2006

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…Sarason considered the absence of a psychological sense of community to be the single most disintegrating aspect of contemporary life and associated its absence with loneliness, alienation, psychological distress, and a feeling of impotence in regard to social forces. Sense of community has been found to be associated with various social and individual functioning outcomes, including length of residence, neighboring, and informal social control (Perkins et al 1990); political participation and community involvement (Hughey et al 1999); safety (Ziersch et al 2005); loneliness (Pretty et al 1996a); life satisfaction (Prezza et al 2001); and mental health/ malaise symptoms (Ellaway et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Psychological Sense of Community for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness Residing in Supported Housing Environments

Townley

Kloos

2010

Community Ment Health J

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The psychological sense of community is an important aspect of community life; yet, it remains largely unexamined among individuals with serious mental illness (SMI). Sense of community represents the strength of bonding among community members; and this social phenomenon likely impacts the process by which individuals with SMI integrate into community life. The current study examined sense of community (SOC) for individuals with SMI by assessing the relationships between neighborhood experiences, unique factors related to SMI (e.g., mental illness diagnosis), and sense of community in the neighborhood. Participants were 402 residents of supported housing programs who used mental health services in South Carolina. Hierarchical linear regression was utilized to determine which components of community life helped to explain variability in sense of community. In total, 214 participants reported that it is very important for them to feel a sense of community in their neighborhoods. Neighbor relations, neighborhood safety, neighborhood satisfaction, neighborhood tolerance for mental illness, and housing site type emerged as significant explanatory variables of sense of community. These findings have implications for interventions aimed at enhancing SOC and community integration for individuals with SMI.

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“…23,24 Overall, neighborhood violence has been related to poorer self-report of health in the United States, Australia, and Korea. [25][26][27] Importance of Mothers While the impact of neighborhood violence on all individuals is important, mothers play a critical role in protecting their children from the impact of neighborhood violence. Negative health effects due to neighborhood violence experienced by mothers may hinder their ability to fully protect and care for their children.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

Johnson

Solomon²,

Shields

et al. 2009

J Urban Health

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This paper presents a cross-sectional study examining the influence of neighborhood violence on multiple aspects of mothers' health. While the influence of neighborhood violence on health is important to understand for all populations, mothers are especially important as they play a key role in protecting their children from the consequences of violence. Three hundred and ninety-two Baltimore City mothers of children 5 years and younger completed a self-administered survey that included questions about perceptions of their safety as well as their personal experiences with neighborhood violence. Separate models were run to compare the relationship between each measurement of neighborhood violence and five diverse health-related determinants and outcomes: self-reported health status, smoking, exercise, average hours of sleep a night, and sleep interruption. Controlling for mother's age, child's age, maternal education, and marital status, mothers with high exposure to neighborhood violence were twice as likely to report poorer health, smoking, never exercising, and poor sleep habits. Maternal perception of neighborhood safety was not related to any of the assessed health-related determinants and outcomes. This study emphasizes the importance of measuring exposure to neighborhood violence rather than solely assessing perceived safety. Neighborhood violence was a common experience for mothers in this urban sample, and should be considered by health professionals in trying to understand and intervene to improve the health of mothers and their children.

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Neighbourhood life and social capital: the implications for health

Cited by 341 publications

References 31 publications

Capital social e a agenda de pesquisa em epidemiologia

Capital social e a agenda de pesquisa em epidemiologia

Examining the Psychological Sense of Community for Individuals with Serious Mental Illness Residing in Supported Housing Environments

Neighborhood Violence and its Association with Mothers’ Health: Assessing the Relative Importance of Perceived Safety and Exposure to Violence

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