Nelfinavir Urinary Stones

Engeler, Daniel S.; John, Hubert; Rentsch, Katharina; Ruef, C.; Oertle, Daniel; Suter, Stefan

doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(05)65307-4

Cited by 55 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…In the last two decades, protease inhibitors used in the treatment of HIV-infected patients, including indinavir and nelfinavir, have become a more common cause of drug-containing stones. [42,43]…”

Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to the Adult Kidney Stone Former

Maalouf

2011

Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab

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Nephrolithiasis is a prevalent and costly condition with high recurrence rate. A medical evaluation to identify abnormalities responsible for nephrolithiasis and guide subsequent therapy has been advocated to reduce the risk of stone recurrence. The evaluation of kidney stone formers generally comprises an extensive medical history to identify metabolic, environmental, dietary and/or genetic factors contributing to stone formation. Imaging studies are utilized to evaluate and follow stone burden. Laboratory studies including stone composition analysis and serum and urinary chemistries are commonly obtained to further assess for any underlying systemic disorders, to detect environmental and metabolic processes contributing to stone disease, and to guide initial and follow-up dietary and pharmacological therapy. The nature and extent of such an evaluation is discussed in this review article.

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Section: Historymentioning

confidence: 99%

Approach to the Adult Kidney Stone Former

Maalouf

2011

Clinic Rev Bone Miner Metab

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“…Most of our patients were not treated with indinavir. However, nelfilavir, used in 77% of our patients, has also been reported to crystallize [20], and both nelfinavir and indinavir are proven components of kidney stones in patients on protease inhibitor therapy [20]. Thus, it is reasonable to assume that nelfinavir caused leukocyturia in patient 10 and may be related with the commonly seen crystals in urine our group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Hypercalciuria is the main renal abnormality finding in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected children in Venezuela

et al. 2007

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Kidney involvement in children with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection is increasing in prevalence in parallel with the longer survival of HIV-infected patients and the side-effects of new antiretroviral drugs. However, there are only a few reports describing renal tubular disorders in HIV+ children. This is a cross-sectional, case series study evaluating kidney disease in 26 Venezuelan HIV-infected children. The study cohort consisted of 15 girls and 11 boys, with a median age of 5.9 years (25-75th percentile: 3.6-7.8), who had been treated with antiretrovirals for 2.8 +/- 0.4 years, Overall, the patients were short for their age and gender (Z-height: -3.1; 25-75th percentile: -4.94 to -1.98), and 15 showed signs of mild to moderate malnutrition. All of the children had a normal estimated glomerular filtration rate (136 +/- 22.6 ml/min/1.73 m2), and glomerular involvement was only observed in one patient with isolated proteinuria. None had nephromegaly. In contrast, tubular disorders were commonly found. Hypercalciuria was detected in 16 of the patients (UCa/Cr = 0.28; 25-75th percentile: 0.17-0.54 mg/mg), with five of these showing crystalluria. Eight children showed hyperchloremia, and three had frank metabolic acidosis. Kidney stones were absent in all, but one boy had bilateral medullary nephrocalcinosis. Conclusion, in Venezuelan children, HIV infection per se, or its specific treatment, was commonly associated with renal tubular dysfunction, especially hypercalciuria and acidosis, potentially leading to nephrocalcinosis and growth impairment. We recommend renal tubular evaluation during the follow-up of children with HIV infection.

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“…In contrast to indinavir and/or ATV/r, urolithiasis associated with other PIs, such as LPV/r, nelfinavir and amprenavir, is rare, and this could be due to the minimal (<3%) renal excretion of these PIs [ 46 – 49 ].…”

Section: Protease Inhibitor-based Urolithiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

HIV medication-based urolithiasis

Izzedine

Lescure

Bonnet

2014

Clinical Kidney Journal

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Drug-induced renal calculi represent 1–2% of all renal calculi. In the last decade, drugs used for the treatment of HIV-infected patients have become the most frequent cause of drug-containing urinary calculi. Among these agents, protease inhibitors (PIs) are well known to induce kidney stones, especially indinavir and atazanavir, and more recently darunavir. Urolithiasis attributable to other PIs has also been reported in clinical cases such as those during non-PI use. Antiretroviral drug-induced calculi deserve consideration because most of them are potentially preventable. This article summarizes the diagnosis, epidemiology, prevention and management of antiretroviral drug-induced urolithiasis.

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Nelfinavir Urinary Stones

Cited by 55 publications

References 3 publications

Approach to the Adult Kidney Stone Former

Approach to the Adult Kidney Stone Former

Hypercalciuria is the main renal abnormality finding in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected children in Venezuela

HIV medication-based urolithiasis

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