NEMA NU2-2001 guided performance evaluation of four Siemens ECAT PET scanners

Herzog, Hans; Tellmann, Lutz; Hocke, Carsten; Pietrzyk, U.; Casey, M.; Kuwert, Torsten

doi:10.1109/tns.2004.835778

Cited by 61 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…These characteristics also made lutetium-based scintillators the standard detector in high-end commercial PET scanners [49,50]. The shorter decay time of the scintillator also opened up possibilities for use in ToF-PET detectors.…”

Section: Scintillators For Use In Tof-petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Ullah

Pratiwi

Cheon

et al. 2016

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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Positron emission tomography (PET) is a molecular imaging modality that provides information at the molecular level. This system is composed of radiation detectors to detect incoming coincident annihilation gamma photons emitted from the radiopharmaceutical injected into a patient's body and uses these data to reconstruct images. A major trend in PET instrumentation is the development of time-of-flight positron emission tomography (ToF-PET). In ToF-PET, the time information (the instant the radiation is detected) is incorporated for image reconstruction. Therefore, precise and accurate timing recording is crucial in ToF-PET. ToF-PET leads to better localization of the annihilation event and thus results in overall improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the reconstructed image. Several factors affect the timing performance of ToF-PET. In this article, the background, early research and recent advances in ToF-PET instrumentation are presented. Emphasis is placed on the various types of scintillators, photodetectors and electronic circuitry for use in ToF-PET, and their impact on timing resolution is discussed.

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Section: Scintillators For Use In Tof-petmentioning

confidence: 99%

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Ullah

Pratiwi

Cheon

et al. 2016

Nucl Med Mol Imaging

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“…A 15-minute transmission scan was obtained using a 68Ge/68Ga rod source for attenuation correction; then, 187 MBq of [ 11 C]-CFT was slowly injected intravenously over a period of 1 minute, before which a 2D-dynamic PET scan lasting for 60 minutes was commenced, with scan data obtained by 39 time frames (18 frames of 10 s, 6 frames of 30 s, 7 frames of 120 s, and 8 frames of 300 s). PET scans were performed on a PET scanner (ECAT ACCEL, Siemens Healthcare) that provided 47 slices in an axial field of view of 162 mm with an intrinsic transaxial resolution of 6.2 mm in full width at half maximum (64). The PET emission data were corrected for attenuation using the transmission data, and images were reconstructed in a matrix of 128, 128, 47 (x, y, z) with a voxel size of 0.86, 0.86, 3.38 mm (x, y, z) using a filtered back projection algorithm with a 2-mm Gaussian filter.…”

Section: Evaluation Of Msc-dp Cells -Rt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Autologous mesenchymal stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons function in parkinsonian macaques

et al. 2012

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“…The timing resolution was found to be 6.8 ns (FWHM). This value was almost equivalent to that of conventional PET scanners; therefore, we set the time window at 14 ns, a value that is almost the same as that of the ECAT EXACT HR1 scanner (Asahi-Siemens) (13,14).…”

Section: Physical Performance Of New Pet Scannermentioning

confidence: 99%

A New PET Scanner with Semiconductor Detectors Enables Better Identification of Intratumoral Inhomogeneity

Shiga

Morimoto²,

Kubo³

et al. 2008

J Nucl Med

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An autoradiography method revealed intratumoral inhomogeneity in various solid tumors. It is becoming increasingly important to estimate intratumoral inhomogeneity. However, with low spatial resolution and high scatter noise, it is difficult to detect intratumoral inhomogeneity in clinical settings. We developed a new PET system with CdTe semiconductor detectors to provide images with high spatial resolution and low scatter noise. Both phantom images and patients' images were analyzed to evaluate intratumoral inhomogeneity. Methods: This study was performed with a cold spot phantom that had 6-mm-diameter cold sphenoid defects, a dual-cylinder phantom with an adjusted concentration of 1:2, and an ''H''-shaped hot phantom. These were surrounded with water. Phantom images and 18 F-FDG PET images of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer were compared with conventional bismuth germanate PET images. Profile curves for the phantoms were measured as peak-to-valley ratios to define contrast. Intratumoral inhomogeneity and tumor edge sharpness were evaluated on the images of the patients. Results: The contrast obtained with the semiconductor PET scanner (1.53) was 28% higher than that obtained with the conventional scanner (1.20) for the 6-mm-diameter cold sphenoid phantom. The contrast obtained with the semiconductor PET scanner (1.43) was 27% higher than that obtained with the conventional scanner (1.13) for the dual-cylinder phantom. Similarly, the 2-mm cold region between 1-mm hot rods was identified only by the new PET scanner and not by the conventional scanner. The new PET scanner identified intratumoral inhomogeneity in more detail than the conventional scanner in 6 of 10 patients. The tumor edge was sharper on the images obtained with the new PET scanner than on those obtained with the conventional scanner. Conclusion: These phantom and clinical studies suggested that this new PET scanner has the potential for better identification of intratumoral inhomogeneity, probably because of its high spatial resolution and low scatter noise. PET with 18 F-FDG has been widely used in oncology studies. A high-resolution PET camera permits precise evaluation of tumor localization and treatment effects. Recently, CdTe semiconductors were used for the direct conversion of g-rays without scintillator material (1,2). High energy resolution and flexibility in both the sizing and the fine arrangement of detectors are expected to improve image quality. These characteristics of semiconductor detectors may also lead to improved PET images because the high energy resolution offers a reduction in scatter noise, like that seen with g-camera and SPECT applications (1,3).A depth-of-interaction (DOI) detection system has already been used in some PET scanners, particularly in PET scanners dedicated to use for the human brain. This is because DOI information is very useful for reducing the parallax errors at the periphery of the field of view (FOV) (4,5). With both semiconductor detectors and a DOI system, high-quality PET images with low scat...

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NEMA NU2-2001 guided performance evaluation of four Siemens ECAT PET scanners

Abstract: Abstract-The

Cited by 61 publications

References 9 publications

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Instrumentation for Time-of-Flight Positron Emission Tomography

Autologous mesenchymal stem cell–derived dopaminergic neurons function in parkinsonian macaques

A New PET Scanner with Semiconductor Detectors Enables Better Identification of Intratumoral Inhomogeneity

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