Nematicidal Efficacy of Biofumigation by Defatted Brassicaceae Meal for Control ofMeloidogyne incognita(KofoidetWhite) Chitw. on a Full Field Zucchini Crop

On Farm Agronomic and First Environmental Evaluation of Oil Crops for Sustainable Bioenergy Chains

“…In addition, the high glucosinolate content makes carinata DSM a base material for the production by a patented procedure (Lazzeri et al, 2007b) of a 100% vegetable amendment able to release in soil biologically active compounds. This technique is called Biofumigation and begins to be applied for natural control of some soil-borne pests and pathogens (Lazzeri et al, 2009;Furlan et al, 2004) and soil fertility management in horticulture production. DSM incorporation in soil, in addition to fertilising and/or biofumigant properties, can be considered as a non-food utilisation that permits a significant CO 2 sequestration from the atmosphere as stable humus in soil (Freibauer et al, 2004).…”

Resilience of soil microbial and nematode communities after biofumigant treatment with defatted seed meals

“…For instance, the soil amendment through crop residues of bioactive cultivars of Brassicaceae was able to significantly reduce M. incognita populations (Curto et al, 2008), while repeated biofumigation by B. carinata DSMs controlled M. incognita in protected zucchini (Lazzeri et al, 2009) and pepper crops (Guerrero-Diaz et al, 2013).…”

“…Due to these features, Brassica carinata and other Brassicaceae have been widely studied, and after a patented procedure . Isothiocyanates released from defatted seed meals (DSMs) have shown a clear amendment activity for the containment of soil borne fungi (Sanchi et al, 2005;Larkin and Griffin, 2007;Matthiessen and Kirkegaard, 2006), nematodes (Lazzeri et al, 2009Zasada et al, 2009) and wireworms (Furlan et al, 2010). Nevertheless the suppression of soil-borne pathogens and pests induced by such biofumigants has also been linked to factors other than isothiocyanates.…”

Effect of defatted oilseed meals applied as organic fertilizers on vegetable crop production and environmental impact

“…Even if oilseed meals are generally used in animal feeding, several studies have documented the efficacy as fertilizers of seed meals from sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and some Brassicaceae, e.g., Ethiopian mustard (Brassica carinata A. Braun) (Gale et al, 2006;Marchetti et al, 2008). Brassicaceae oilseed meals represent a particular type of meals; despite the similar N and phosphorous (P) content with respect to sunflower, no genetically improved seeds contain glucosinolates (GLSs) that through enzymatic hydrolysis via myrosinase produce a series of biologically active compounds (mainly isothiocyanates) (Fahey et al, 2001) that have shown an effect in controlling weeds (Ascard and Jonasson, 1991;Vaughn and Berhow, 1998;Vaughn et al, 2006;Rice et al, 2007), insect pests (Elberson et al, 1996(Elberson et al, , 1997, nematodes (Walker, 1996;Lazzeri et al, 2009), and soilborn pathogens (Smolinska et al, 1997;Manici et al, 1997;Mazzola et al, 2001;Chung et al, 2002). On the other hand, some authors demonstrated also significant allelopathic effects on seedlings of crops seeded after soil incorporation of brassicaceous crops with high GLS content (Jafariehyazdi and Javidfar, 2011), whilst for transplant crops, such as field vegetables, only minor effects on plant growth are reported (Haramoto and Gallandt, 2004;Ackroyd and Ngouajio, 2011).…”