Nematode contributions to the soil food web trophic structure of two contrasting boreal peatlands in Canada

Kamath, Devdutt; Barreto, Carlos; Lindo, Zoë

doi:10.1016/j.pedobi.2022.150809

Cited by 10 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Liochthonius sellnicki (Thor, 1930) and Eniochthonius mahunkai (Norton and Behan-Pelletier, 2007), for instance, both parthenogenetic species, increased in abundance under warming as previously seen (Lindo, 2015;. However, the most abundant mesostigmatid mite we collected, the sexually reproducing Parazercon radiatus Berlese, 1910, significantly decreased in abundance under warmer and drier conditions, which could be in response to a bottom-up effect caused by their food source, nematodes, known for living within the water film and being abundant under high moisture levels in peatlands (Kamath et al, 2022). Further, two parthenogenetic species of oribatid mites (E. mahunkai and Oppiella nova (Oudemans, 1902)) were associated with soil temperature as a variable in the DB-RDA analysis (see Supplementary Table S1 for list of species identified as asexual).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Large-scale experimental warming reduces soil faunal biodiversity through peatland drying

Barreto

Conceição

Lima

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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Boreal peatlands are important ecosystems for carbon cycling because they store 1/3 of the world’s terrestrial carbon in only ∼3% of the global landmass. This high carbon storage capacity makes them a key potential mitigation strategy for increased carbon emissions induced by global climate warming. In high-carbon storage systems like peatlands, soil faunal communities are responsible for secondary decomposition of organic matter and nutrient cycling, which suggests they play an important role in the carbon cycle. Experiments have shown that warming can affect plant and microbial communities in ways that potentially shift peatlands from carbon sinks to sources. Although previous studies have found variable effects of climate change manipulations on soil communities, warming is expected to affect soil community composition mainly through reductions in moisture content, whereas elevated CO2 atmospheric concentrations are expected to only indirectly and weakly do so. In this study we used a large-scale peatland field-based experiment to test how soil microarthropod (oribatid and mesostigmatid mite, and collembolan species abundance, richness and community composition) respond to a range of experimental warming temperatures (between 0°C and +9°C) crossed with elevated CO2 conditions over 4 years in the Spruce and Peatland Responses Under Changing Environments (SPRUCE) experiment. Here we found that warming significantly decreased surface peat moisture, which in turn decreased species microarthropod richness and abundance. Specifically, oribatid and mesostigmatid mite, collembolan, and overall microarthropod richness significantly decreased under lower moisture levels. Also, the abundance of microarthropods increased under higher moisture levels. Neither warming nor elevated [CO2] affected microarthropods when analysed together or separate, except for the richness of mesostigmatids that significantly increased under warming. At the community level, communities varied significantly over time (except collembolans), and moisture was an important driver explaining community species composition. While we expect that the cumulative and interactive effects of the SPRUCE experimental treatments on soil faunal biodiversity will continue to emerge, our results already suggest effects are becoming more observable over time. Taken together, the changes belowground indicate potential changes on carbon and nitrogen cycles, as microarthropods are important players of soil food webs.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Large-scale experimental warming reduces soil faunal biodiversity through peatland drying

Barreto

Conceição

Lima

et al. 2023

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Any life in soil or water is represented by microorganisms such as bacteria and eukaryotic organisms such as fungi, protists, microarthropods, nematodes, and earthworms [1]. Soil nematodes are the main organisms that are critical in the soil food web [2]. As classified by Yeates [3], nematodes are grouped into herbivores (plant parasitic nematodes), bacterivores, fungivores, omnivores, and predators.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Agricultural Land Use on Nematode Diversity and Soil Quality in Dalmada, South Africa

Shokoohi

2023

Horticulturae

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During a survey on soil nematode diversity, the soil samples were collected from Field-1 (3-months-not-used land), Field-2 (5-years-not-disturbed land), Field-3 (the rhizosphere of tomatoes), and Field-4 (natural land, not disturbed for 50 years), in Dalmada, Limpopo Province, South Africa. A total of 25 nematode genera were found to be associated with the surveyed plant species. The result showed Acrobeloides, Aphelenchus, Aporcella, Ditylenchus, Mesorhabditis, Pratylenchus, and Rotylenchus with a 100% frequency of occurrence. Meloidogyne was detected only in association with Field-3, with a low frequency of occurrence (25%). The study of the relationship between nematodes with physicochemical properties in the soil using Pearson correlation revealed that phosphate of the soil had a positive correlation (r = 0.977) with Bitylenchus and Pseudacrobeles species. In contrast, pH strongly correlated with Nanidorus (r = 0.928), Trypilina (r = 0.925), Xiphinema (r = 0.925), and Zeldia (r = 0.860). The principal component analysis placed Field-4 and Field-3 in two groups, indicating the biodiversity dynamics among the two locations. Soil texture showed that clay was correlated with Rotylenchulus. In contrast, soil texture had no effect on Meloidogyne. The Shannon index was the lowest (1.7) for Field-1 in Dalmada compared to the other Fields, indicating lower nematode diversity. The structure index showed that Field-2 was disturbed with a low C:N ratio. In contrast, Field-3 and Field-4 had suppressive soil but matured and fertile. The network analysis showed that Panagrolaimus was only found in Field-4 and was the most engaging genus describing soil quality in the soil system in Dalmada. In conclusion, Field-2 showed a high diversity of free-living nematodes than the disturbed land of tomatoes. Additionally, plant-parasitic nematodes numbered more in the rhizosphere of tomatoes. The results suggest that the soil nematodes, especially free-living bacterivores, may mediate the effects of ecosystem disturbance on soil health.

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“…Indeed, nematodes increased with increasing shrub cover in all three sites and testate amoeba in two sites (Linje and Mukhrino). Free-living testate amoebae and nematodes span several trophic levels (Potapov et al, 2022) and thus play a key role in structuring soil food webs (Jassey et al, 2013;Kamath et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, nematodes increased with increasing shrub cover in all three sites and testate amoeba in two sites (Linje and Mukhrino). Free‐living testate amoebae and nematodes span several trophic levels (Potapov et al, 2022) and thus play a key role in structuring soil food webs (Jassey et al, 2013; Kamath et al, 2022). Although we do not have information on the prey testate amoebae and nematodes feed on in this study, we can reasonably speculate that they are mostly fungivores as this feeding habit is commonly found for testate amoebae (Gilbert et al, 1998) and nematodes (Wang et al, 2021).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ericoid shrub encroachment shifts aboveground–belowground linkages in three peatlands across Europe and Western Siberia

Buttler

Bragazza

Laggoun‐Défarge

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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In northern peatlands, reduction of Sphagnum dominance in favour of vascular vegetation is likely to influence biogeochemical processes. Such vegetation changes occur as the water table lowers and temperatures rise. To test which of these factors has a significant influence on peatland vegetation, we conducted a 3‐year manipulative field experiment in Linje mire (northern Poland). We manipulated the peatland water table level (wet, intermediate and dry; on average the depth of the water table was 17.4, 21.2 and 25.3 cm respectively), and we used open‐top chambers (OTCs) to create warmer conditions (on average increase of 1.2°C in OTC plots compared to control plots). Peat drying through water table lowering at this local scale had a larger effect than OTC warming treatment per see on Sphagnum mosses and vascular plants. In particular, ericoid shrubs increased with a lower water table level, while Sphagnum decreased. Microclimatic measurements at the plot scale indicated that both water‐level and temperature, represented by heating degree days (HDDs), can have significant effects on the vegetation. In a large‐scale complementary vegetation gradient survey replicated in three peatlands positioned along a transitional oceanic–continental and temperate–boreal (subarctic) gradient (France–Poland–Western Siberia), an increase in ericoid shrubs was marked by an increase in phenols in peat pore water, resulting from higher phenol concentrations in vascular plant biomass. Our results suggest a shift in functioning from a mineral‐N‐driven to a fungi‐mediated organic‐N nutrient acquisition with shrub encroachment. Both ericoid shrub encroachment and higher mean annual temperature in the three sites triggered greater vascular plant biomass and consequently the dominance of decomposers (especially fungi), which led to a feeding community dominated by nematodes. This contributed to lower enzymatic multifunctionality. Our findings illustrate mechanisms by which plants influence ecosystem responses to climate change, through their effect on microbial trophic interactions.

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Nematode contributions to the soil food web trophic structure of two contrasting boreal peatlands in Canada

Cited by 10 publications

References 57 publications

Large-scale experimental warming reduces soil faunal biodiversity through peatland drying

Large-scale experimental warming reduces soil faunal biodiversity through peatland drying

Impact of Agricultural Land Use on Nematode Diversity and Soil Quality in Dalmada, South Africa

Ericoid shrub encroachment shifts aboveground–belowground linkages in three peatlands across Europe and Western Siberia

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