Nematode resistance in crops.

Starr, J. L.; McDonald, A. H.; Claudius-Cole, Abiodun O.; Perry, R. N.; Moens, Maurice

doi:10.1079/9781780641515.0411

Cited by 13 publications

(18 citation statements)

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“…Plant-parasitic nematodes cause an estimated US$ 125 billion in crop losses every year (Chitwood, 2003;Decraemer & Hunt, 2013). Different strategies have been employed to reduce nematode-related crop damage, including planting of resistant cultivars, rotating with non-or poor-host crops, and biological control (Cook & Evans, 1987;Kerry, 1987;Starr et al, 2013;Viaene et al, 2013). The cost-efficiency and durability of these management strategies is dependent on multiple factors including the crop host, species and population levels of the nematodes present, nature and availability of genetic resistance in the crop species, and a plethora of environmental factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…makes nematode management using crop rotations a challenge, whereas the limited host range of the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) allows greater management efficacy in rotations with non-host crops like corn (Viaene et al, 2013). Host resistance to root-knot and cyst nematodes can provide effective management when genetic sources of resistance can be incorporated into commercial cultivars but the development of resistance-breaking nematode populations remains a constant threat (Starr et al, 2013).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Chemical control (fumigant and non-fumigant nematicides) can offer an effective means for management of plant-parasitic nematodes that is independent of the nematode species present. Chemical control of nematodes has been in practice since the late 19th century and is often used in combination with other nematode control methods in an integrated pest management strategy (Cook & Evans, 1987;Kerry, 1987;Starr et al, 2013;Viaene et al, 2013). However, the number of commercially available chemical nematicides has declined in recent years due to their inherent toxicity and potential to cause environmental damage.…”

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Spirotetramat causes an arrest of nematode juvenile development

Vang

Opperman

Schwarz

et al. 2016

Nematol

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Spirotetramat (Movento™, Bayer CropScience) (SPT), an effective insecticide, has also demonstrated potential activity as a nematicide. No significant effects on hatching rates of Caenorhabditis elegans, Meloidogyne incognita or Heterodera glycines were observed when eggs were soaked in a maximum concentration of 105 ppm of technical grade spirotetramat-enol (SPT-enol), the active form in plants. Synchronised first-stage juveniles of C. elegans soaked in SPT-enol concentrations as low as 30 ppm demonstrated arrested juvenile development with calculated EC95 of 44-48 ppm. Single applications of formulated SPT (Movento 240SC) were applied to plant foliage at the labelled insecticidal rate of 87.6 g a.s. ha−1 at 1-week intervals on soybean plants inoculated with H. glycines or tomato plants inoculated with M. incognita in glasshouse tests. SPT consistently inhibited nematode development to reproductive maturity when applied at 1-2 weeks after inoculation. Optimal SPT application timings coincide with early stages of root infection, when nematodes are still in vulnerable juvenile stages.

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Spirotetramat causes an arrest of nematode juvenile development

Vang

Opperman

Schwarz

et al. 2016

Nematol

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“…Similarly, Heterodera glycines was able to invade and induce the formation of syncytium in A. thaliana roots, but was not able to complete its life cycle or reproduce ( Grundler et al ., 1997 ). Such reactions in the nematode-plant interaction are typical of resistant plants ( Trudgill, 1991 ; Starr et al ., 2013 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Pathogenicity of Aphelenchoides pseudogoodeyi on the ornamental plants Asplenium nidus and Lilium speciosum in Brazil

et al. 2021

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SummaryAphelenchoides pseudogoodeyi has recently been reported in association with seeds of forage grasses and rice in Brazil and senescent strawberry plants, in the United States. This nematode is likely a mycophagous species; however, so far, its pathogenicity potential to plants is unclear. This study aimed to verify the pathogenicity of A. pseudogoodeyi to two species of ornamental plants. The experiments were conducted by inoculating A. pseudogoodeyi onto Bird’s-Nest Fern (Asplenium nidus) and Oriental Lily (Lilium speciosum) leaves, using two inoculation methods (with and without injury). After 40 days of inoculation (DAI) in Bird’s-Nest Fern and 5, 10, 20 and 40 DAI in Oriental Lily, the pathogenicity and the host efficiency were evaluated by symptoms observation and by severity, final nematode population and reproductive factor (RF), respectively. Additionally, a histopathological study was performed by inoculating A. pseudogoodeyi onto Bird’s-Nest Fern for observing anatomical alterations. A. pseudogoodeyi was able to cause local necrotic lesions on both Bird’s-Nest Fern and Oriental Lily leaves. However, the presence of injury was essential to enable A. pseudogoodeyi to penetrate and cause those symptoms in both plant species. Also, the total population of A. pseudogoodeyi decreased drastically over time and RF was <1, which characterized these species as poor-host or resistant plants. A. pseudogoodeyi penetrated into the foliar tissue and induced a total destruction of the mesophyll and collapse of the cells, with the formation of large intercellular spaces. It is concluded that A. pseudogoodeyi is an opportunistic pathogen as injury was required to induce symptoms in Bird’s-Nest Fern and Oriental Lily.

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“…), lucerne (Medicago sativa L.), faba bean (V. fabaea L.), and oat (Avena spp.) cultivars (McDaniel and Barr 1994;Stanton et al 1984;Starr et al 2013). Ditylenchus dipsaci resistance is monogenic on lucerne, and polygenic on faba bean, wild oat (A. ludoviciana L.), and red clover (T. pratense L.) (Plowright et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of sugar beet pre-breeding populations and breeding lines for resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci penetration and reproduction

et al. 2021

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Ditylenchus dipsaci is an economically important plant-parasitic nematode affecting European sugar beets. To date, no sugar beet cultivars carrying resistance against D. dipsaci are available to farmers. To find potentially resistant sugar beet lines restricting reproduction and penetration of D. dipsaci, three consecutive in vivo bioassays were carried out. The first experiment determined the penetration rate of D. dipsaci in 79 breeding lines and 14 pre-breeding populations. Based on these results, D. dipsaci penetration and reproduction resistance of eight genotypes was intensively investigated. It could be demonstrated that none of the genotypes showed resistance towards D. dipsaci. However, a high variation of the penetration rate by D. dipsaci was observed among the genotypes. The breeding line ‘DIT_119’ effectively reduced D. dipsaci penetration (34.4 ± 8.8 nematodes/plant at 22 days post-planting) compared to the susceptible control (109.0 ± 16.9) while ensuring a yield comparable to non-inoculated plants. However, the breeding line ‘DIT_119’ did not reduce D. dipsaci reproduction. The paternal line of the cultivar BERETTA KWS, demonstrating a high tolerance to D. dipsaci crown rot symptoms, did not reduce penetration and reproduction. Thus, no correlation can be established between reduced penetration rates, reproduction, and tolerance to D. dipsaci. This study provides an essential basis for the development of resistant sugar beet cultivars to D. dipsaci. The variations observed among genotypes now need to be confirmed with larger-scale screenings.

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Nematode resistance in crops.

Abstract: This chapter describes the impacts of resistant genotypes on host plant growth and nematode populations, and provides specific examples to indicate some successes, opportunities and challenges.

Cited by 13 publications

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Spirotetramat causes an arrest of nematode juvenile development

Spirotetramat causes an arrest of nematode juvenile development

Pathogenicity of Aphelenchoides pseudogoodeyi on the ornamental plants Asplenium nidus and Lilium speciosum in Brazil

Screening of sugar beet pre-breeding populations and breeding lines for resistance to Ditylenchus dipsaci penetration and reproduction

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