Neoclerodane Diterpenoids from Reehal Fatima, Teucrium yemense

Abstract

Teucrium yemense (Defl), locally known as Reehal Fatima, is a medicinal plant commonly grown in Saudi Arabia and Yemen. Phytochemical investigation of the aerial parts of T. yemense yielded six new neoclerodane diterpenoids, namely fatimanol A-E (1, 2, 3, 5, and 6) and fatimanone (4), and the known teulepicephin (7). As both the Teucrium genus and the related Lamiaceae family have previously been widely reported to possess anthelmintic and antimicrobial activities, the structural and biological characterization of the seven diterpenoids was pursued. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated from their 2D NMR and MS profiles and by comparison to related compounds. The structure of fatimanol D (5) was confirmed by X-ray crystallographic analysis. The new structures contribute to the breadth of knowledge of secondary metabolites in this genus.

An Abies procera-derived tetracyclic triterpene containing a steroid-like nucleus core and a lactone side chain attenuates in vitro survival of both Fasciola hepatica and Schistosoma mansoni

“…Biomphalaria glabrata (NMRI strain) snails infected with S. mansoni (Puerto Rican strain) were shed for 2 h under light conditions at 26 °C. Cercariae were collected, mechanically transformed into schistosomula ( Colley and Wikel, 1974 ) and subsequently prepared for high throughput screening (HTS) on the Roboworm platform as previously described ( Crusco et al, 2018 ; Nur et al, 2017 ). Schistosomula were added to each well containing triterpenoids (10 μM in 0.625% DMSO) at a density of 120 parasites per well.…”

“…To each well, 700015 was subsequently added to obtain final concentrations (in 1% DMSO) of 100 μM, 75 μM, 50 μM, 25 μM, 10 μM and 5 μM (HepG2 cells) or 100 μM, 75 μM, 50 μM, 20 μM, 10 μM and 5 μM (MDBK cells); negative (1% DMSO) and positive (1% v/v Triton X-100) control wells were included for both cell types. Following a further incubation for 24 h, the MTT assay was performed as previously described ( Nur et al, 2017 ; Crusco et al, 2018 ).…”

The repositioning of epigenetic probes/inhibitors identifies new anti-schistosomal lead compounds and chemotherapeutic targets

“…Using the Roboworm platform [60], 13 EPs and 1 EI (LAQ824) were classified as hits (14/37; 38% hit rate) affecting both schistosomula phenotype (Figure 1A) and motility (Figure 1B) at 10 µM. These hits consisted of 5 compounds targeting epigenetic readers, 6 targeting epigenetic writers and 3 targeting epigenetic erasers.…”

“…Human Caucasian Hepatocyte Carcinoma (HepG2) cells (Sigma Aldrich, UK) were utilized to assess SGC epigenetic probe cell cytotoxicity in the application of the MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay [60]. Briefly, cells were passaged at 70-80 % confluence and seeded (20,000 cells/ 50 µL per well) in a 96-well, black-sided, clear-bottomed falcon plate (Fisher Scientific, UK) with the final plate column (8 wells) being treated as a blank (media only).…”

“…After addition of compounds, each plate was then incubated for a further 20 h before application of MTT for assessment of compound cytotoxicity using the MTT assay [60]. The MTT assay was read using the POLARstar Omega (BMG LabTech, UK) plate reader at an absorbance of 570 nm.…”