Neogene paleobiogeography and East African paleoenvironments: contributions from the Tugen Hills rodents and lagomorphs

Winkler, Alisa J.

doi:10.1006/jhev.2001.0501

Cited by 75 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Three fossil-based Downloaded by [Alice Latinne] at 06:51 05 September 2013 calibration points were used: (i) the split between the tribe Phloemyini and the other tribes of Murinae at 12.3 million years (Myr) (Jacobs & Flynn, 2005) (ii) the divergence between Apodemus mystacinus and all the species of the subgenus sylvaemus (A. flavicollis and A. sylvaticus) at 7 Myr (Aguilar & Michaux, 1996;Michaux et al, 1997); and (iii) the divergence of Otomys/Parotomys (Otomyinae) from the Arvicanthis clade at 5.7 Myr (Winkler, 2002). To constrain the age of these nodes in the tree, sequences of Deomys ferrugineus (GenBank accession number EU349745), Gerbillus nigeriae (AJ430555), Batomys granti (AY324458), Phloeomys cumingi (DQ191484), Apodemus mystacinus (AF159394), Apodemus sylvaticus (AB033695), Apodemus flavicollis (AB032853), Arvicanthis somalicus (EU349737), Arvicanthis niloticus (AF004569), Oenomys hypoxanthus (EU349769), Grammomys macmillani (AM408345), Otomys angoniensis (AM408343), Parotomys sp.…”

Section: Divergence Time Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and endemism of Murinae rodents in Thai limestone karsts

Latinne¹,

Waengsothorn²,

Rojanadilok³

et al. 2013

Systematics and Biodiversity

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This study aims to investigate the species diversity of rodents living in karst ecosystems of Thailand. A survey has been conducted throughout Thailand, 122 karsts sampled and 477 Murinae rodents live-trapped. Phylogenetic reconstructions were carried out using two mitochondrial markers (cytb, COI). A sequence-based species delimitation method completed by the analysis of the level of genetic divergence was then applied to define species boundaries within our dataset. The phylogenetic position of Niviventer hinpoon was also investigated and sequences obtained from the holotype specimen of this species were used to reliably identify samples of N. hinpoon. A total of 12 described Murinae species, corresponding to 17 deeply divergent genetic lineages, were encountered in limestone karsts of Thailand. Our study revealed an important genetic diversity within the traditionally recognized species Maxomys surifer (four highly divergent genetic lineages), Leopoldamys neilli (two highly divergent genetic lineages) and Berylmys bowersi (two highly divergent genetic lineages). These species could be considered as species complex and require further taxonomic work. This study also provides valuable information on the distribution of the two rodent species endemic to limestone karsts of Thailand, L. neilli and N. hinpoon. Leopoldamys neilli was the most abundant species encountered in Thai karsts during our survey. However, L. neilli specimens from western Thailand are genetically highly divergent from the remaining populations of L. neilli and could represent a separate species. Niviventer hinpoon, phylogenetically closely related to N. fulvescens, is much rarer and its distribution limited to central Thailand. Most of the other captured species are typically associated with forest ecosystems. This study suggests that limestone karsts play a key role in the preservation of the rodent species endemic to such habitat, but they would also provide refuges for the forest-dwelling Murinae rodents in deforested regions.

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Section: Divergence Time Estimatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and endemism of Murinae rodents in Thai limestone karsts

Latinne¹,

Waengsothorn²,

Rojanadilok³

et al. 2013

Systematics and Biodiversity

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“…Among the more closed-setting mammals, hippos moved from Africa to Europe, and pigs of varying ecological preferences moved from Asia to Europe and Africa (Fortelius et al, 1996;van der Made, 1999). Small carnivores (mustelids, felids and viverrids), larger carnivores (ursids, hyaenids), porcupines, rabbits, and chalicotheres, most of which also prefer more closed settings, also dispersed from Eurasia to Africa (Leakey et al, 1996;Ginsburg, 1999;Heissig, 1999;van der Made, 1999;Winkler, 2002). In sum, phylogenetic analysis suggests that the ancestors of many African mammals had appeared in the Vallesian of Eurasia.…”

Section: Corroborating Evidencementioning

confidence: 99%

Sivapithecus is east and Dryopithecus is west, and never the twain shall meet

Begun

2005

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Sivapithecus and Dryopithecus are well-described Miocene hominids (great apes and humans), both known since the 19th century. Over the years these genera have been combined into one (Dryopithecus) or separated up to the subfamily level. Each have been dismissed as interesting side branches, hailed as direct ancestors, or recognized as sister clades to one or more clade of extant hominid. Here I argue that they are each stem taxa of the two living hominid clades Ponginae and Homininae. A famous poem by Rudyard Kipling tells the tale of a British and Afghan soldier whose differences (in ethnicity) obscure their similarities (in character). The relationship between Sivapithecus and Dryopithecus is similar. On the one hand, Sivapithecus is restricted to South Asia, has thickly enameled molars, robust jaws, and superficially baboon-like forelimbs; Dryopithecus is European, has thinly enameled molars and gracile jaws, with suspensory forelimbs. On the other hand, both are great apes, both had suspensory adaptations, large brains, and delayed development, and both are closely related to living hominids. Recognition of the likely relations of Sivapithecus and Dryopithecus provides insight into the causes, timing, and paleobiogeography of crown hominid origins.

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“…A small but important early Late Miocene vertebrate fossil assemblage has been known since the 1970s from what has been called the 'type locality' of the Chorora Fm (Sickenberg and Schönfeld, 1975;Tiercelin et al, 1979;Geraads et al, 2002). The age of this assemblage has been widely considered to be ~10.5 Ma Winkler, 2002;Bernor et al, 2004;Cote, 2004;Suwa et al, 2007;Werdelin and Sanders, 2010;Melcher et al, 2014). In the present study, we refer to this fossil locality as the Chorora Fm Type Locality (hereinafter TL).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Newly discovered cercopithecid, equid and other mammalian fossils from the Chorora Formation, Ethiopia

Suwa

Beyene

Nakaya

et al. 2015

Anthropological Science

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The vertebrate fossil localities of the Chorora Formation, Ethiopia, comprise one of only a few sub-Saharan African paleontological research areas that illuminate Late Miocene African mammalian and primate evolution. Field work at Chorora since 2007 has resulted in the establishment of new vertebrate fossil localities and a revised chronostratigraphic framework. The new Chorora Formation fossils include the earliest known records of Cercopithecinae, Hippopotaminae, and Leporidae in Africa. Two lineages of hipparionins are recognized at Chorora, a larger and smaller morph, forming potential phyletic links between the earlier Samburu Hills hipparionins and later Eurygnathohippus turkanensis and E. feibeli from Lothagam, Kenya. The Chorora colobines are larger than the >9 Ma Microcolobus and morphologically conservative with only moderate molar cusp notches. The Chorora cercopithecines represent the earliest documented occurrence of the subfamily.

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Neogene paleobiogeography and East African paleoenvironments: contributions from the Tugen Hills rodents and lagomorphs

Cited by 75 publications

References 45 publications

Diversity and endemism of Murinae rodents in Thai limestone karsts

Diversity and endemism of Murinae rodents in Thai limestone karsts

Sivapithecus is east and Dryopithecus is west, and never the twain shall meet

Newly discovered cercopithecid, equid and other mammalian fossils from the Chorora Formation, Ethiopia

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