Neolithic occupation and mid-Holocene soil formation at Encosta de Sant'Ana (Lisbon, Portugal): a geoarchaeological approach

Micromorphology revealsin situMesolithic living floors and archaeological features in multiphase sites in central Sudan

“…Besides pedoturbation and runoff, human activity also contributed to the dismantling of the Mesolithic sequence: Post-Meroitic burials were excavated up to 1 m in the older archaeological stratigraphy, contributing heavily to the mixing of the upper part of the deposit. Finally, on the basis of field and micro-properties, the upper macro-unit may be defined as a slope waste complex (Angelucci et al 2007), with a low gradient in the slope and an anthropogenic contribution to degradation. The discontinuity between the macro-units is shown also by pottery findings (Salvatori, Usai, & Zerboni, in press), dating almost exclusively to the Mesolithic in the lower macro-unit, whereas a mixture of Mesolithic and later pottery fragments is reported toward the top of the section.…”

Paleoindian Open‐Air Sites in Tropical Settings: A Case Study in Formation Processes, Dating Methods, and Paleoenvironmental Models in Central Brazil

“…Although several authors have dealt with the relationship between soils, archaeological materials, and paleoenvironments, most approaches address soils in temperate (Haynes, ; Mandel, ; Cordova et al., ; Holliday et al., ) or Mediterranean climates (Angelucci et al., ; Mallol et al., ) or, when in the tropics, in semi‐arid environments (Ashley et al., ). We therefore argue for the necessity of approaching the archaeological record in humid tropical soils with a geoarchaeological perspective, leading to the development of a tropical geoarchaeology, providing a fresh approach toward long‐held assumptions about tropical soils made by pedologists and geomorphologists.…”

Geoarchaeological insights from a Roman age incineration feature (ustrinum) at Enconsta de Sant'Ana (Lisbon, Portugal)

“…The geoarchaeological study of the site also comprised the analysis of the geomorphological context and of archaeological and natural units, taking into account sedimentary, pedogenic and anthropogenic components and features, which were published elsewhere (Angelucci et al, 2004(Angelucci et al, , 2007.…”

“…The pre-Quaternary bedrock at the site belongs to the ''Areolas de Estefânia'' formation, with alternating sand, silty fine sand (''areolas'' in popular Portuguese, which may be translated as wacke) and sandstone, and discontinuous intercalations of limestone and marl. In the examined area, the Miocene formation dips weakly SSE and, at the foot of the slope and towards the centre of the valley (the present-day Martim Moniz square), sinks under early Holocene alluvial sediments affected by mid-Holocene soil formation (Angelucci et al, 2004(Angelucci et al, , 2007.…”

“…Contour line intervals are 20 m; the shaded area represents the extension of Quaternary sediments; dotted lines correspond to the depth of the boundary between Quaternary sediments and pre-Quaternary (Miocene) bedrock (data partly from Almeida, 1986; image modified afterAngelucci et al, 2007). The dotted square corresponds to the area depicted inFig.…”