Neomycin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli from Danish weaner pigs is associated with recent neomycin use and presence of F4 or F18 fimbriaes

Subramani, Prabha; Pirolo, Mattia; Haugegaard, Svend; Skarbye, Alice Puk; Conrady, Beate; Pedersen, Ken Steen; Guardabassi, Luca; Damborg, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105852

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Gentamicin (GEN) is applied in human medicine to treat a variety of bacterial infections including septicemia, meningitis and urinary tract infections 8 . Neomycin (NEO) is among the first drug choices in the pig industry to treat E. coli -related post-weaning diarrhea 9 , 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Depending on their mode of actions, these enzymes transfer a phosphate-group, an acetyl-group, or an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) to the aminoglycoside scaffold resulting in reduced affinity of the antibiotic to the bacterial ribosome 4 , 5 , 11 . Previous studies have demonstrated a high prevalence of AMEs in enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) isolates from pigs with some of the most abundant and clinically relevant resistance genes being aph(3″)-Ib and aph(6)-Id (strAB), aac(3)-IV and aph(3′)-Ia 10 , 12 , which have been used in this study. The resistance genes aph(3″)-Ib and aph(6)-Id ( strAB ) encode for two APHs that are typically found together and confer resistance to STREP 12 , 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The aminoglycoside N-acetyltransferase AAC(3)-IV has a broad substrate specificity, which leads mainly to resistance against GEN and to a lower extend to NEO and kanamycin (KAN) resistance 14 . The aph(3′)-Ia gene encodes for an aminoglycoside O-phosphotransferase which yields resistance to NEO and KAN 4 , 10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide identification of fitness-genes in aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli during antibiotic stress

Wellner,

Alobaidallah,

Fei

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Resistance against aminoglycosides is widespread in bacteria. This study aimed to identify genes that are important for growth of E. coli during aminoglycoside exposure, since such genes may be targeted to re-sensitize resistant E. coli to treatment. We constructed three transposon mutant libraries each containing > 230.000 mutants in E. coli MG1655 strains harboring streptomycin (aph(3″)-Ib/aph(6)-Id), gentamicin (aac(3)-IV), or neomycin (aph(3″)-Ia) resistance gene(s). Transposon Directed Insertion-site Sequencing (TraDIS), a combination of transposon mutagenesis and high-throughput sequencing, identified 56 genes which were deemed important for growth during streptomycin, 39 during gentamicin and 32 during neomycin exposure. Most of these fitness-genes were membrane-located (n = 55) and involved in either cell division, ATP-synthesis or stress response in the streptomycin and gentamicin exposed libraries, and enterobacterial common antigen biosynthesis or magnesium sensing/transport in the neomycin exposed library. For validation, eight selected fitness-genes/gene-clusters were deleted (minCDE, hflCK, clsA and cpxR associated with streptomycin and gentamicin resistance, and phoPQ, wecA, lpp and pal associated with neomycin resistance), and all mutants were shown to be growth attenuated upon exposure to the corresponding antibiotics. In summary, we identified genes that are advantageous in aminoglycoside-resistant E. coli during antibiotic stress. In addition, we increased the understanding of how aminoglycoside-resistant E. coli respond to antibiotic exposure.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome-wide identification of fitness-genes in aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli during antibiotic stress

Wellner,

Alobaidallah,

Fei

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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“…For example, in a collection of Danish ETEC strains, F4 strains were mainly O149 and O6 serotypes and harbored IncFII, IncFIB, and IncFIC plasmids, whereas F18 strains were O8 and O147 serotypes and harbored IncI1 and IncX1 plasmids ( 12 ). Recent findings also showed that the acquisition of virulence factors like fimbriae F4 and F18 is associated with antimicrobial resistance genes (specifically neomycin), suggesting co-transfer or co-location on the same plasmid ( 13 ). This observation is particularly worrisome since ETEC-induced PWD is one of the main reasons for antimicrobial use in livestock ( 14 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity and phage sensitivity to phages of porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

Gambino,

Kushwaha,

et al. 2024

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a diverse and poorly characterized E. coli pathotype that causes diarrhea in humans and animals. Phages have been proposed for the veterinary biocontrol of ETEC, but effective solutions require understanding of porcine ETEC diversity that affects phage infection. Here, we sequenced and analyzed the genomes of the PHAGEBio ETEC collection, gathering 79 diverse ETEC strains isolated from European pigs with post-weaning diarrhea (PWD). We identified the virulence factors characterizing the pathotype and several antibiotic resistance genes on plasmids, while phage resistance genes and other virulence factors were mostly chromosome encoded. We experienced that ETEC strains were highly resistant to Enterobacteriaceae phage infection. It was only by enrichment of numerous diverse samples with different media and conditions, using the 41 ETEC strains of our collection as hosts, that we could isolate two lytic phages that could infect a large part of our diverse ETEC collection: vB_EcoP_ETEP21B and vB_EcoS_ETEP102. Based on genome and host range analyses, we discussed the infection strategies of the two phages and identified components of lipopolysaccharides ( LPS) as receptors for the two phages. Our detailed computational structural analysis highlights several loops and pockets in the tail fibers that may allow recognition and binding of ETEC strains, also in the presence of O-antigens. Despite the importance of receptor recognition, the diversity of the ETEC strains remains a significant challenge for isolating ETEC phages and developing sustainable phage-based products to address ETEC-induced PWD. IMPORTANCE Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC)-induced post-weaning diarrhea is a severe disease in piglets that leads to weight loss and potentially death, with high economic and animal welfare costs worldwide. Phage-based approaches have been proposed, but available data are insufficient to ensure efficacy. Genome analysis of an extensive collection of ETEC strains revealed that phage defense mechanisms were mostly chromosome encoded, suggesting a lower chance of spread and selection by phage exposure. The difficulty in isolating lytic phages and the molecular and structural analyses of two ETEC phages point toward a multifactorial resistance of ETEC to phage infection and the importance of extensive phage screenings specifically against clinically relevant strains. The PHAGEBio ETEC collection and these two phages are valuable tools for the scientific community to expand our knowledge on the most studied, but still enigmatic, bacterial species— E. coli .

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The use of oral fluids and sock samples for monitoring key pathogens in pig populations for surveillance purposes

Gerszon,

Büchse,

Genz

et al. 2024

Preventive Veterinary Medicine

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Neomycin resistance in clinical Escherichia coli from Danish weaner pigs is associated with recent neomycin use and presence of F4 or F18 fimbriaes

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Genome-wide identification of fitness-genes in aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli during antibiotic stress

Genome-wide identification of fitness-genes in aminoglycoside-resistant Escherichia coli during antibiotic stress

Diversity and phage sensitivity to phages of porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli

The use of oral fluids and sock samples for monitoring key pathogens in pig populations for surveillance purposes

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