Neonatal acquisition of
 Clostridia
 species protects against colonization by bacterial pathogens

Kim, Yun Gi; Sakamoto, Kei; Seo, Sang Uk; Pickard, Joseph M.; Gillilland, Merritt; Pudlo, Nicholas A.; Hoostal, Matthew J.; Li, Xue; Wang, Thomas D.; Feehley, Taylor; Stefka, Andrew; Schmidt, Thomas M.; Martens, Eric C.; Fukuda, Shinji; Inohara, Naohiro; Nagler, Cathryn R.; Núñez, Gabriel

doi:10.1126/science.aag2029

Cited by 231 publications

(201 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In contrast, P. UF1 permanently colonized the gut of germfree (GF) mice, as detected in the fecal contents of these mice until day 7 ( Figure 2E). Such colonization in GF mice was expected, as P. UF1, like other beneficial (e.g., Bifidobacterium bifidum) (17) or pathogenic bacteria (e.g., Citrobacter rodentium) (18), demonstrates the same trend due to the lack of competitive commensal bacteria.…”

Section: Characterization Of P Uf1 Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 77%

Commensal Propionibacterium strain UF1 mitigates intestinal inflammation via Th17 cell regulation

Colliou¹,

Ge²,

Sahay³

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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Section: Characterization Of P Uf1 Bacteriummentioning

confidence: 77%

Commensal Propionibacterium strain UF1 mitigates intestinal inflammation via Th17 cell regulation

Colliou¹,

Ge²,

Sahay³

et al. 2017

Journal of Clinical Investigation

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“…They are produced by anaerobic symbiotic bacteria such as the Bacteroides and Clostridia , which are abundant members of the adult mammalian microbiota. Clostridia species in particular are able to protect mice from S. Typhimurium and C. rodentium , through unknown mechanisms that may include production of inhibitory compounds (29). Importantly, SCFAs require acidic pH for their suppressive activity, a condition which is also maintained by the normal bacteria (30).…”

Section: Colonization Resistancementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clostridia species in particular are able to protect mice from S. Typhimurium and C. rodentium, through unknown mechanisms that may include production of inhibitory compounds. 29 Importantly, SCFAs require acidic pH for their suppressive activity, a condition which is also maintained by the normal bacteria. 30 SCFAs can also affect pathogen virulence; for example, propionate and butyrate can suppress S. Typhimurium virulence factors, while acetate and formate have the opposite effect.…”

Section: Inhibitory Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiota: Role in pathogen colonization, immune responses, and inflammatory disease

Pickard

Zeng

Caruso

et al. 2017

Immunological Reviews

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1,242

823

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Summary The intestinal tract of mammals is colonized by a large number of microorganisms including trillions of bacteria that are referred to collectively as the gut microbiota. These indigenous microorganisms have co-evolved with the host in a symbiotic relationship. In addition to metabolic benefits, symbiotic bacteria provide the host with several functions that promote immune homeostasis, immune responses and protection against pathogen colonization. The ability of symbiotic bacteria to inhibit pathogen colonization is mediated via several mechanisms including direct killing, competition for limited nutrients and enhancement of immune responses. Pathogens have evolved strategies to promote their replication in the presence of the gut microbiota. Perturbation of the gut microbiota structure by environmental and genetic factors increases the risk of pathogen infection, promotes the overgrowth of harmful pathobionts, and the development of inflammatory disease. Understanding the interaction of the microbiota with pathogens and the immune system will provide critical insight into the pathogenesis of disease and the development of strategies to prevent and treat inflammatory disease.

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“…This is an interesting finding as a recent in vivo study in mice described that neonatal acquisition of Clostridium spp. even exerts a protective effect against bacterial gut pathogens [22]. However, further research is definitely needed to clarify this hypothesis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact and Time Course of Clostridium difficile Colonization in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

et al. 2018

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Background: Clostridium difficile is a gram-positive, anaerobic spore-forming, toxin-producing bacillus, which is one of the most common causes for health care-associated infections. High colonization rates in clinically asymptomatic neonates and infants have been described, although most studies go back to the early 1980 and 1990s, and were carried out in term and late preterm infants. Objectives: The aim of our study was to determine both the impact and time course of C. difficile colonization in a cohort of very low birth weight infants (VLBWI) in an era of PCR-based technologies for diagnosis. Methods: Stool samples of VLBWI were analyzed for the presence of C. difficile strains in regular intervals during the hospital stay by PCR ribotyping. Analysis was continued throughout the first 2 years of life. Results: A 32% C. difficile colonization rate during the first 2 years of life and an in-hospital colonization rate of 8% was found in a cohort of 190 VLBWI. C. difficile colonization occurred mainly in the first 6 months of life, which was similar to term neonates. In-hospital colonization accounted for only a small percentage of cases with no detection of hypervirulent strains. Also, C. difficile colonization was not related to an adverse outcome in this VLBWI cohort. Oral lactoferrin of bovine origin and treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam were negatively correlated with C. difficile colonization in our study. Conclusions: C. difficile colonization in our cohort of VLBWI was significantly lower than has been described in the literature and was not related to an adverse outcome.

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Neonatal acquisition of Clostridia species protects against colonization by bacterial pathogens

Cited by 231 publications

References 19 publications

Commensal Propionibacterium strain UF1 mitigates intestinal inflammation via Th17 cell regulation

Commensal Propionibacterium strain UF1 mitigates intestinal inflammation via Th17 cell regulation

Gut microbiota: Role in pathogen colonization, immune responses, and inflammatory disease

Impact and Time Course of <b><i>Clostridium difficile</i></b> Colonization in Very Low Birth Weight Infants

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