Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Ehrenkranz, Joel; Fualal, J; Ndizihiwe, Assay; Clarke, Ian; Alder, Stephen C.

doi:10.1089/thy.2009.0358

Cited by 16 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 14 publications

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“…We included eight children in this study. Despite the small sample size, which would be a limitation to this descriptive study, our results reflect how under-diagnosed the condition is (10)(11)(12)(13). Indeed, in the absence of newborn screening, Tal Our patients were younger than those diagnosed in the study done in Senegal (17), but we also noticed, like the authors (17), a delay in the management of patients.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

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Dyshormonogenesis seems to be more frequent in a group of Cameroonian children with congenital hypothyroidism

Sap¹,

Koki²,

Dongmo³

et al. 2015

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Congenital hypothyroidism is a main congenital endocrine disorder, affecting 1 in 4000 births. It is not well described in sub-Saharan countries, and to draw attention to that issue, we decided to describe affected pediatric patients. We retrospectively analyzed the records of eight patients over a period of 6 years. We analyzed clinical sings of hypothyroidism and psychomotor development; hormonal assays and thyroid ultrasound were performed. We included four boys and four girls aged from 3 to 84 months at diagnosis with a median thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) level of 156.5 mUI/L. All except one present with a moderate psychomotor delay. Other clinical signs were classical for hypothyroidism. Thyroid ultrasound performed showed a goiter in half of patients, a normal gland in three of them and a hypoplasic gland in the last one, consonant with dyshormonogenesis. We therefore concluded that dyshormonogenesis seems to be more frequent in our context, and this raised the issue of neonatal screening of hypothyroidism in Africa.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 41%

“…Studies on neonatal screening performed in Nigeria, Uganda and Ethiopia showed few or no cases of congenital hypothyroidism (11)(12)(13)(14). But some methodological difficulties can explain this unexpected results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dyshormonogenesis seems to be more frequent in a group of Cameroonian children with congenital hypothyroidism

Sap¹,

Koki²,

Dongmo³

et al. 2015

Journal of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism

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“…Several studies have attempted to apply the frequency of neonatal TSH values of more than 5 mIU/L in determining population iodine status and monitoring intervention programs. [ 26 27 28 ] Studies conducted amongst neonates have documented that ID during the initial phase of life affects the developing brain. Thyroid stimulating hormone affects proper development of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine nutritional status in Uttarakhand State, India

Sareen

Kapil

Nambiar

et al. 2016

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Introduction:Uttarakhand (UK) state is a known endemic region to iodine deficiency (ID).Objective:To assess the current status of iodine nutrition in a population of UK.Methodology:Three districts, namely Udham Singh Nagar (USN), Nainital (N), and Pauri Garhwal (PG) were selected. In each district, 30 clusters were identified by utilizing the population proportional to size cluster sampling methodology. Total of 6143 school age children (SAC) (USN; 1807, N; 2269, PG: 2067), 5430 adolescent girls (AGs) (USN; 1823, N; 1811, PG: 1796), 1727 pregnant mothers (PMs) (USN; 632, N; 614, PG: 481), and 2013 Neonates (USN; 649, N; 670, PG: 694), were included in the study. Clinical examination of thyroid of each child, AG and PM was conducted. Spot urine and salt samples were collected from children, AGs and PMs. Cord blood samples were collected from neonates for estimation of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH).Results:In SAC, total goiter rate (TGR) was 13.2% (USN), 15.9% (N), and 16.8% (PG). Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) level was 150 μg/l (USN), 125 μg/l (N), and 115 μg/l (PG). In AGs, TGR was 6.8% (USN), 8.2% (N) and 5.6% (PG). Median UIC level was 250 μg/l (USN), 200 μg/l (N), and 183 μg/l (PG). In PMs, TGR was 16.1% (USN), 20.2% (N), and 24.9% (PG). Median UIC level was 124 μg/l (USN), 117.5 μg/l (N) and 110 μg/l (PG), respectively. In Neonates, TSH levels of >5 mIU/L were found in 55.3 (USN), 76.4 (N) and 72.8 (PG) percent of neonates.Conclusion:UIC level in PMs and TSH levels among neonates indicate the prevalence of ID in three districts surveyed.

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“…Several studies have attempted to apply the frequency of neonatal TSH values of more than 5 mIU/L in determining the population iodine status and monitoring intervention programs. [ 18 19 20 ] Studies conducted among neonates have documented that ID during the initial phase of life affects the developing brain. TSH affects proper development of the central nervous system.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine nutritional status in Himachal Pradesh state, India

Kapil

Pandey

Sareen

et al. 2015

Indian J Endocr Metab

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Introduction:Iodine deficiency (ID) is the preventable causes of mental retardation worldwide. Himachal Pradesh (HP) state is a known endemic region to ID.Objective:the objective was to assess the current status of iodine nutrition in a population of HP, India.Methodology:There are three regions in HP namely: Kangra, Mandi, and Shimla. In each region, one district was selected namely: Kangra, Kullu, and Solan. In each district, 30 clusters were identified by utilizing population proportional-to-size cluster sampling methodology. A total of 5748 school-age children (SAC) (Kangra; 1864, Kullu; 1986, Solan: 1898), 1711 pregnant mothers (PMs) (Kangra; 647, Kullu; 551, Solan: 513), and 1934 neonates (Kangra; 613, Kullu; 638, Solan: 683), were included in study. Clinical examination of thyroid of each child and PM was conducted. Casual urine samples were collected from children and PMs. Cord blood samples were collected for estimation of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) among neonates.Results:In SAC, total goiter rate (TGR) was 15.8% (Kangra), 23.4% (Kullu), and 15.4% (Solan). Median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) level was 200 μg/l (Kangra), 175 μg/l (Kullu), and 62.5 μg/l (Solan). In PMs, TGR was 42.2% (Kangra), 42.0% (Kullu), and 19.9% (Solan). Median UIC level was 200 μg/l (Kangra), 149 μg/l (Kullu), and 130 μg/l (Solan). In Neonates, TSH levels of > 5 mIU/L were found in 73.4 (Kangra), 79.8 (Kullu), and 63.2 (Solan) percent of neonates.Conclusion:As per, UIC level (<100 μg/l) in SAC, ID was found in district Solan. In Kullu and Solan districts, there were ID (UIC level < 150 μg/l) among PMs. TSH levels indicated ID in all districts surveyed.

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Neonatal Age and Point of CareTSH Testing in the Monitoring of Iodine Deficiency Disorders: Findings from Western Uganda

Cited by 16 publications

References 14 publications

Dyshormonogenesis seems to be more frequent in a group of Cameroonian children with congenital hypothyroidism

Dyshormonogenesis seems to be more frequent in a group of Cameroonian children with congenital hypothyroidism

Iodine nutritional status in Uttarakhand State, India

Iodine nutritional status in Himachal Pradesh state, India

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