Neonatal effects of the administration of meperidine and promethazine to the mother in labor. Double blind study

Parenteral opioids for maternal pain management in labour

“…In two studies women in one arm of the trial, as well as receiving an opioid, were also given another add-on drug that the comparison group did not receive. In these studies results are difficult to interpret, as any differences between groups may be due to the add-on drug rather than the opioid (Busacca 1982; Calderon 2006). In the studies by Calderon 2006, Evron 2005, Li 1995, Nikkola 2000; Shahriari 2007 and Thurlow 2002, different drugs were administered using different methods, and so it is difficult to interpret results as any differences between groups may be due to drug, method or both together.In one study the effect of the opioid analgesia was not assessed during childbirth, but for second trimester labour following termination of pregnancy (Castro 2004).…”

“…In two studies women in one arm of the trial, as well as receiving an opioid, were also given another add-on drug that the comparison group did not receive. In these studies results are difficult to interpret, as any differences between groups may be due to the add-on drug rather than the opioid (Busacca 1982; Calderon 2006).…”

“…The aim of the study was to look at hydroxine as an adjunct to pethidine. both study groups had pethidine Busacca 1982 In this study 1 group received pethidine with promethazine and 1 received no treatment. As the opioid group received a combination of drugs any differences between groups may have been due to the effect of the add on drug Cahal 1960 This study had 3 groups: SC pethidine, SC benzethidine and SC flurethidine.…”