Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: Background and recent literature updates on the diagnosis and treatment

Nawaz, Haq; Aslam, Momna; Rehman, Tanzila

doi:10.1556/2060.2021.00018

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 77 publications

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“…Neonatal jaundice is mostly due to unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia and very common occurring in 50% of full-term and 84% near-term neonates 4. Neonates are susceptible because their red blood cells (RBCs) have a reduced life span of 60–90 days, there is increased degradation of haem, and they have only 1% of adult levels of the liver enzyme uridine 5′-diphosphoglucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1 responsible for bilirubin conjugation) 5 6…”

Section: Case: Tailing Growth and Neonatal Jaundicementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Common but pathological causes are haemolysis due to rhesus or ABO incompatibility, polycythaemia and sepsis. Any condition impacting the bilirubin pathway can lead to jaundice: increased extravascular blood, abnormal haemolysis, impaired bilirubin transport, impaired liver uptake, impaired conjugation and impaired excretion 6. Causes include haematological, endocrine and metabolic conditions (table 2).…”

Section: Case: Tailing Growth and Neonatal Jaundicementioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailing growth, neonatal jaundice and anaemia

Jefferson

Ramanan

Cummins

et al. 2023

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed

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At medical school, there is a phrase to help us remember that common things are common: ‘If you hear hooves think horses, not zebras’. However, zebras do exist, and from time to time in general paediatric and neonatal practice, we will encounter these rare diagnoses, more of which we can now accurately diagnose through the ever-expanding field of genomics. Our case demonstrates how a rare diagnosis can present with common features of growth restriction, jaundice and anaemia. Paediatricians therefore require a high index of suspicion and increasing knowledge of the logistics of genetic testing.

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Section: Case: Tailing Growth and Neonatal Jaundicementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Case: Tailing Growth and Neonatal Jaundicementioning

confidence: 99%

Tailing growth, neonatal jaundice and anaemia

Jefferson

Ramanan

Cummins

et al. 2023

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed

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“…Recently, massage therapy has been introduced as a new and effective method in the treatment of newborns with jaundice [120]. Shahbazi et al showed that the average bilirubin levels decreased as the level of massage intervention (i.e., massage duration and frequency per minute) increased.…”

Section: Massagementioning

confidence: 99%

“Light” on Phototherapy—Complications and Strategies for Shortening Its Duration, A Review of the Literature

Shoris,

Gover,

Toropine

et al. 2023

Children

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Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is an extremely common metabolic complication of the neonatal period which may be associated with bilirubin encephalopathy and even death. Adverse neurological consequences are preventable if a timely diagnosis and treatment are provided. Phototherapy is usually the preferred option to decrease hyperbilirubinemia. Although considered to be safe, evidence in recent years has shown that this treatment may not be free of side effects and short- and long-term unfavorable outcomes. These are usually mild or rare, but should be decreased or avoided if possible. Many useful complementary measures and treatments have been described that could shorten the duration of exposure to phototherapy. However, there is no current unequivocal recommendation to use any of the methods presented in this review. Our review aims to depict the wide range of possible complementary treatments to phototherapy, and to provide the scientific and clinical evidence available regarding their usefulness. It is essential that, while utilizing the full potential of phototherapy to treat hyperbilirubinemia, caregivers are aware of its side effects and possible inherent dangers, and seek ways to minimize the exposure to phototherapy to what is really needed for the newborn. Further studies are needed to clarify the preferred complementary treatments that could reduce the duration of exposure to phototherapy without impairing its effectiveness.

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“…Without timely diagnosis and treatment, bilirubin can traverse the blood-brain barrier trigger bilirubin encephalopathy and lead to long-term complications. In severe cases, it may even result in fatality (3)(4)(5)(6). NHB and its subsequent condition, bilirubin encephalopathy, have consistently posed a significant disease burden worldwide (7,8).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developing and evaluating a predictive model for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia based on UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and clinical risk factors

Cui,

Shen,

Sun

et al. 2024

Front. Pediatr.

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BackgroundNeonatal hyperbilirubinemia (NHB) is one of the most common diseases in the neonatal period. Without timely diagnosis and treatment, it can lead to long-term complications. In severe cases, it may even result in fatality. The UGT1A1 gene and clinical risk factors play important roles in the development and progression of NHB.MethodsIn this study, we conducted a cohort study and analyzed 3258 newborns from the Jilin Women And Children Health Hospital in northern China, including 372 children with hyperbilirubinemia. We established a predictive model using a logistic regression model based on clinical risk factors and the polymorphism of the G211A locus in the UGT1A1 gene of newborns. Furthermore, the performance of the prediction model was evaluated using the ROC curve.ResultsThe logistic regression model indicates that the following factors are associated with an increased risk of NHB: the time when stool turns yellow [P ≤ 0.001, OR 1.266 (95% CI: 1.125-1.425)]; neonatal cephalohematoma [P ≤ 0.001, OR 33.642 (95% CI: 21.823-51.861)]; hemolytic disease of newborn [P ≤ 0.001, OR 33.849 (95% CI: 18.589-61.636)]; neonatal weight loss [P ≤ 0.001, OR 11.275 (95% CI: 7.842-16.209)]; neonatal premature rupture of membranes (PROM) history [P = 0.021, OR 1.422 (95% CI: 1.056-1.917)]; genetic polymorphism at the UGT1A1 gene G211A locus. Gestational age is a protective factor [P ≤ 0.001, OR 0.766 (95% CI: 0.686-0.855)]. Compared to natural labor, cesarean section is a protective factor [P = 0.011, OR 0.711 (95% CI: 0.546-0.926)], while assisted delivery is a risk factor [P = 0.022, OR 2.207 (95% CI: 1.121-4.346)]. The area under the curve (AUC) of this prediction model is 0.804 (95% CI: 0.777-0.831), indicating good discrimination ability and value for predicting the risk of NHB after birth.ConclusionWe have developed and evaluated a predictive model that combines UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and clinical risk factors for the first time. By using this nomogram and taking into account the results of serum total bilirubin measurement or transcutaneous bilirubin measurement, early prediction of the risk of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia can be achieved.

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Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: Background and recent literature updates on the diagnosis and treatment

Cited by 7 publications

References 77 publications

Tailing growth, neonatal jaundice and anaemia

Tailing growth, neonatal jaundice and anaemia

“Light” on Phototherapy—Complications and Strategies for Shortening Its Duration, A Review of the Literature

Developing and evaluating a predictive model for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia based on UGT1A1 gene polymorphism and clinical risk factors

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