Neonatal mortality in a referral hospital in Cameroon over a seven year period: trends, associated factors and causes.

Abstract

Background: The fourth Millennium Development Goals targets reduction by 2/3 the mortality rate of under-fives by 2015. This reduction starts with that of neonatal mortality representing 40% of childhood mortality. In Cameroon neonatal mortality was 31‰ in 2011. Objectives: We assessed the trends, associated factors and causes of neonatal deaths at the Yaounde Gynaeco-Obstetric and Pediatric Hospital. Methods: The study was a retrospective chart review. Data was collected from the hospital records, and included both maternal and neonatal variables from 1st January 2004 to 31st December 2010. Results: The neonatal mortality was 10%. Out-borns represented 49.3% of the deceased neonates with 11.3% born at home. The neonatal mortality rate followed a downward trend dropping from12.4% in 2004 to 7.2% in 2010. The major causes of deaths were: neonatal sepsis (37.85%), prematurity (31.26%), birth asphyxia (16%), and congenital malformations (10.54%). Most (74.2%) of the deaths occurred within the first week with 35% occurring within 24hours of life. Mortality was higher in neonates with birth weight less than 2500g and a gestational age of less than 37 weeks. In the mothers, it was high in single parenthood , primiparous and in housewives and students. Conclusion: There has been a steady decline of neonatal mortality since 2004. Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, birth asphyxia and congenital malformations were the major causes of neonatal deaths. Neonatal sepsis remained constant although at lower rates over the study period.

Trends in Health Facility Births in sub-Saharan Africa: An Analysis of Lessons Learned under the Millennium Development Goal Framework

“…This decline is slower than that observed for under-5 mortality making neonatal mortality a large contributor to under-5 deaths globally 8 . In SSA, deaths of newborns during birth and in the first month of life are also largely caused by preventable infectious diseases 10,11 . These causes of death have taken a toll on NMRs in SSA which currently lags behind many countries, and carries about half of the burden of the world's under-5 mortality (3 million in 2015).…”

Caracterización de los recién nacidos con asfixia perinatal moderada o severa manejados con hipotermia cerebral selectiva en la Unidad de Recién Nacidos del Hospital Universitario San Ignacio desde junio de 2015 hasta marzo de 2017

“…La mortalidad neonatal temprana se había mantenido alrededor de 5,9 por cada 1000 nacimientos hasta el 2013 y comenzó a caer hasta lograr un 4,3 por cada 1000 nacimientos para 2014 (13). Estas tendencias se asemejan a la disminución de la mortalidad tanto en países en desarrollo (14,15) y economías emergentes (16) como en países desarrollados (17,18). Esta reducción se debe al control de patologías infecciosas perinatales (19) y al mejor manejo de las complicaciones derivadas del parto (20) y otras patologías del neonato, incluidas malformaciones congénitas (21), así como la mejoría en las técnicas de reanimación (22).…”

Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) in intensive care unit (ICU) of Ardabil city hospitals and related factors

“…16 In the study by Mungyeh, the main cause of death was sepsis (37.85%), prematurity (31.26%), delivery asphyxia (16%) and congenital anomalies (10.54%). 17 In the study of Abdellatif, the primary reason of neonatal death was prematurity and its complications (52%), deadly congenital malformations (29%), another proprietary diagnoses (12%) and neonates asphyxia (7%). 18 In the study of Aramesh, the most common causes of mortality were prematurity and its complications (58.8%), congenital anomalies (17.3%), asphyxia around birth (8%), infection (6%) and other reasons (9/9%).…”