Neonatal outcomes in obese mothers: a population-based analysis

Abstract

BackgroundIf it is well known that obesity increases morbidity for both mother and fetus and is associated with a variety of adverse reproductive outcomes, then few studies have assessed the relation between obesity and neonatal outcomes. This is the aim of the present study after taking into account type of labor and delivery, as well as social, medical and hospital characteristics in a population-based analysis.MethodsThis study used 2009 data from the Belgian birth register data pertaining to the regions of Brussels and Wallonia and included 38,675 consecutive births. Odds ratio and 95% confidence intervals for admission to neonatal intensive care unit, Apgar score, and perinatal mortality were calculated by logistic regression analyses adjusting for medical, social and hospital characteristics using obesity as the primary independent variable. The impact of analyzing all delivery sites together was tested using mixed-effect analyses.ResultsThe adjusted odds ratio for neonatal intensive care unit admission was higher for obese mothers by 38% compared to non-obese mothers (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22-1.56), and by 45% (CI: 1.21-1.73) and 34% (CI: 1.10-1.63) after spontaneous and induced labour respectively. The adjusted odds ratio was 1.18 (CI: 0.86-1.63) after caesarean section. The adjusted odds ratio for 1 minute Apgar score inferior to 7 was higher for obese mothers by 31% compared to non-obese mothers (CI: 1.15-1.49) and by 26% (CI: 1.04-1.52) and 38% (CI: 1.12-1.69) after spontaneous and induced labour respectively. The adjusted odds ratio was 1.50 (CI: 0.96-2.36) after caesarean section. The adjusted odds ratio for perinatal mortality was 1.36 (CI: 0.75-2.45) for obese mothers compared to non-obese mothers.ConclusionsNeonatal admission to intensive care and low Apgar scores were more likely to occur in infants from obese mothers, both after spontaneous and induced labor.

Efeito independente do tipo de aleitamento no risco de excesso de peso e obesidade em crianças entre 12-24 meses de idade

“…Saúde Pública 2016; 32(12):e00119015 | www.ensp.fiocruz.br/csp ner, (4) children that received EBF, (5) were born SGA or AGA, and (6) had a 1-minute Apgar score < 7 at birth were less likely to be overweight in the future 19,20,21,22,23,24,25 .…”

The prevalence of malnutrition and its association with pregnancy outcome among pregnant women in Rafsanjan, Iran, in 2016

“…These results show the importance of nutrition even during pregnancy which is in agreement with the results of previous studies. In countries with a low or moderate economic status, not only has malnutrition of mothers and infants in the form of underweight not been eradicated, but also the prevalence of malnutrition in the form of overweight and obesity has increased (16). This is also the case among women in the southeast of Iran.…”

“…Low weight in mothers before pregnancy causes premature birth and low birth weight (LBW), and increases the risk of perinatal complications, morbidity, and mortality in the mother and infant (6,9). One of the most important complications of obesity during pregnancy is premature birth, prolonged labor (6, 10, 11), perinatal mortality, congenital anomalies (12), increased prevalence of cesarean section (C-section), postpartum hemorrhage (6), low five-minute Apgar score (13,14), its undesirable effects on the later stages of life (15), gestational diabetes, pre-eclampsia (PE), and stillbirths (16). A association has been observed between obesity in the mother and premature birth (17); however, some studies have reported contradictory results (18,19).…”

Geographic Distribution of Maternal Group B Streptococcus Colonization and Infant Death During Birth Hospitalization: Eastern Wisconsin

“…26 A recent study using data from a Belgian birth registry revealed an increased adjusted odds ratio for perinatal mortality among obese mothers, though this was not statistically significant. 27 Racial and insurance disparities are recognized as significant predictors of perinatal mortality, preterm birth and death among low-birth-weight infants. 23,24,28,29 Recently, environmental epigenetics, nutritional deficiencies and stress have been suggested as etiologic factors in adverse perinatal outcomes, perhaps mediated by differential inflammatory responses.…”