Neonatal outcomes in pregnancies resulting from oocyte donation: a cohort study in Sweden

Abstract

BackgroundPregnancies resulting through oocyte donation have been associated with increased risk for adverse outcomes for the mother, such as gestational hypertensive disorders. However, little is known about possible neonatal complications of such pregnancies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the neonatal health outcomes among singleton pregnancies in a population of relatively young and healthy oocyte recipients in Sweden, taking into account the medical indication leading to treatment.MethodsThis cohort study involved 76 women conceiving with donated oocytes, 149 age-matched nulliparous women conceiving spontaneously and 63 women conceiving after non-donor IVF. Participants were recruited during 2005–2008 and followed up until delivery. Data on neonatal outcomes were retrieved from the National Birth Medical Register and the medical records of oocyte recipients from seven Swedish University Hospitals with IVF clinics. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the association of mode of conception and neonatal outcomes, adjusted for maternal age and BMI, gestational age and delivery by cesarean section.ResultsInfants conceived through oocyte donation had higher odds for premature delivery [OR 2.36, 95 % CI (1.02–5.45)], for being small for gestational age [OR 4.23, 95 % CI (1.03–17.42)] and having Apgar score below 7 at 5 min [OR 10.57, 95 % CI (1.21–92.20)] compared to spontaneously conceived infants. Similar trends were observed when comparing infants conceived through oocyte donation to those conceived by traditional IVF. Furthermore, donor oocyte infants had a lower mean birthweight and length compared to autologous oocyte neonates (p = 0.013); however no differences were noted among infants born at term. Neonatal outcomes were more favorable among women with diminished ovarian reserve compared to those with other indications for oocyte donation.ConclusionsInfants conceived after oocyte donation in Sweden have higher odds of being born prematurely and having lower mean birthweight in comparison to non-donor infants.It seems that these unfavorable neonatal outcomes are present despite the age, weight and health restrictions applied to recipients before oocyte donation treatment in Sweden.

Multifoetal gestations mediate the effect of in vitro fertilisation (IVF) on ischaemic placental disease in autologous oocyte IVF more than donor oocyte IVF

“…Consistent with prior literature, we found an increased risk of IPD and its components in autologous and donor IVF pregnancies when compared to non-IVF pregnancies. 1,14,16,17 For autologous IVF, the majority of IPD was mediated through multifoetal gestations, which was consistent with a prior study. 4 We showed that in donor IVF, 37.5% of the relationship was mediated through multifoetal gestations, meaning that approximately 60% of the relationship between donor IVF and IPD was not explained by the increased incidence of pregnancies with multifoetal gestations.…”

Prevalence of structural birth defects in IVF‐ICSI pregnancies resulting from autologous and donor oocytes in Indian sub‐continent: Results from 2444 births

“…A recent study from Sweden analyzed the neonatal outcome in births resulting from donor and autologous oocytes with birth defects as one of the outcomes assessed. Though the birth defect rates were similar in these groups in donor oocytes (4/72) and autologous oocytes (4/60; 95% CI 0.20‐0.34), the numbers were too low to be significant . Another study from our group found similar rates of birth defects in pregnancies following fresh ET using autologous (1.39%) vs donor oocytes (1.32%) as a perinatal outcome over a 1‐year period, but again, the number of cases (4 each) were less in each subgroup .…”

Evaluation of risk factors’ importance on adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in women aged 40 years or older

“…The risks for the mother and the neonate with gamete donation and embryo donation are not fully understood and have not yet been thoroughly investigated. There seems to be a consensus that the risk for women to have pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia and bleeding and the risk for the neonate to be born prematurely or with low birth weight is of considerable importance [ 20 , 21 ]. Having premature and small for gestational children might also affect the mother and family mentally, as well as economically and socially, both in long-term as well as in short-term [ 22 , 23 ].…”