Neonatal Skin Disorders: A Review of Selected Dermatologic Abnormalities

Abstract

The skin serves many purposes, acting as a barrier to infection, protecting internal organs, contributing to temperature regulation, storing insulating fats, excreting electrolytes and water, and providing tactile sensory input. This article focuses on a review of normal skin structure and function and selected neonatal skin disorders. The disorders reviewed are Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, epidermolysis bullosa, and the ichthyoses. The basis for each skin disorder is presented. Nursing management and skin care are incorporated into the review of each selected disorder.

A New Approach to Management of Intravenous Infiltration in Pediatric Patients

“…Treatment with an injected antidote poses a risk of being more damaging to the underdeveloped neonatal tissue since it lacks the structural integrity of normally developed skin. 27 Universal IV assessment guidelines and clearly defined grading scales for infiltrates are crucial to prevention and effective management of IV infiltrates. This approach has been shown to be effective through the experience of the authors and Montgomery et al at the University of Iowa.…”

Lesões de pele em recém-nascidos no ambiente hospitalar: tipo, tamanho e área afetada

“…It is coherent for nurses to know the anatomical and physiological characteristics of newborns' skin, besides knowing how to characterize and describe the detected lesions (4,8) .…”

“…At birth, the skin represents 13% of the body surface, which is highly representative for a newborn, as any alteration in that organ means an alteration in the development of its functions. Moreover, the skin surface is used together with other findings to determine the infant's physical maturity (4) .…”

Neonatal Dermatoses

“…Ağır nörolojik sekeller olabileceği için erken tanı ve görüntüleme yöntemleri ile spinal kord anomalileri araştırılmalıdır. Epidermolizis, bülloza grubu mekanobülloz hastalıklar, keratinizasyon bozukluklarıve vasküler tümörler (hemanjiomlar) ve malformasyonlar, saç, tırnak ve deri eklerine ait doğumsal bozukluklar da yenidoğan döneminde gözden kaçırılmaması gereken hastalıklar için erken ipucu olabilir 17,18 . Yenidoğanların doğum odasında rutin pediatrik değerlendirmesi yapılırken deri mukozalar ve deri eklerinin muayenesi ihmal edilmemeli ve yaşamın ilk bir ayında ortaya çıkması olası fizyolojik bulgularla hastalık bulgularının ayırıcı tanısı dikkatle yapılmalıdır.…”