Neoorganogenesis and Neohistogenesis by Desired Metaplasia of Autogenous Tissue Stem Cells In Vivo: A Critical and Scientific Evaluation with 125 Years of Review Literature

Abstract

Organogenesis and histogenesis during embryogenesis is well known. In the adult, it is minimal or absent in higher animals-mammals and humans. Neoformation of tissues and organs in vivo in dogs, monkey, and humans has been demonstrated using autogenous pluripotent stem cells. This is possible with the body's own potential, and the phenomena has been described as "desired metaplasia." The stem cells are surgically colonized with the tissues and/or tissue system where the tissue or organ is to be regenerated. Neoformation of abdominal wall aponeurosis, ureter, etc. has been possible by this technique. The technology has also been used in the management of human diseases like large incisional hernias and complex genitourinary or rectal fistulae. Because desired metaplasia is a new concept, the literature of the past 125 years has been scrutinized, selected articles on experimental colonization of tissues and cells have been analytically studied, and relevant articles have been critically analyzed with a new found concept of desired metaplasia and the proposed hypothesis of the first author based on embryologic principles. The literature reviewed revealed no article with the concept of desired metaplasia being responsible for neoorganogenesis and neohistogenesis. New organ and tissue formation is possible with the help of autogenous pluripotent stem cells if exposed to the proper environment and functional need, provided the tissues are embryologic neighbors. The phenomenon of desired metaplasia is discussed on a scientific basis.