Neoplasias associadas à síndrome dos ovários policísticos

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disease in women on reproductive age. PCOS is characterized by the presence of anovulation, infertility and hyperandrogenism and is associated with obesity and insulin resistance. A major risk for neoplasms of the reproductive tract, like endometrial, breast and ovary cancer seems to be related to PCOS. While several studies have shown an increased risk for endometrial hyperplasia and cancer in PCOS patients, the variability of the selection criteria for PCOS has been recognized as a potential bias for these data. PCOS women also present clinical characteristics that are related to risk factors for breast cancer and some epidemiological evidences have been described on this issue. However, until now, a clear association between the presence of PCOS and breast carcinoma has yet not been found. Finally, high local steroid and growth factor concentrations are considered risk factors for ovary carcinoma, and are frequently observed in PCOS women. In turn, few studies have addressed the possibility of a link between PCOS and ovarian cancer and the results are conflicting but suggest that this association is unlikely.

Risk of ovarian cancer in women using ovarian induction protocols for infertility treatment.

“…a large cohort study also suggested increased risk of invasive and borderline ovarian tumours among women using clomiphene citrate for 12 months or longer (24). This finding was confirmed by other studies (25,29) In contrast, several other epidemiological studies failed to confirm the above findings and showed no association between women exposed to treatment with ovulation inducing drugs and untreated infertile women (14,15,16,24). some studies suggest that BRCA mutation carriers may have decreased ovarian reserve compared with women without BRCA mutations, as well as an earlier natural menopause (33).…”

Síndrome do ovário policístico e fatores relacionados em adolescentes de 15 a 18 anos

“…The increase in levels of IGF-I and insulin during puberty may be related to the increased prevalence of PCOS in adolescence. 14 The prevalences showed by population studies range from about 5% to 10% of women of reproductive age, 15 a range which encompasses the 6.2% found in this study. Bridges et al, 16 when analyzing the growth of the ovaries and the prevalence of polycystic ovary in 358 girls in a pediatric endocrinology outpatient clinic of a hospital in the city of Middletown, in the United States, found a 6% prevalence of PCOS at 6 years of age and 26% at 15 years of age.…”

Associação da Síndrome do Ovário Policístico e neoplasias

“…O câncer de mama também é um importante tópico quando se abordam as neoplasias mais comuns em mulheres, na realidade é o tipo de câncer mais diagnosticado de todos os carcinomas. Entretanto a relação entre SOP e o Ca de mama ainda carece de estudos e uma investigação mais aprofundada (Spritzer et al 2005).…”