Neosporosis in sheep: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global seroprevalence and related risk factors

Mendoza-Morales, Luisa F; Lagorio, Valentina; Corigliano, Mariana G.; Sánchez-López, Edwin; Clemente, Marina; Sander, Valeria Analía

doi:10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106569

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…95% CI 19%-27%) (Ansari-Lari, 2021), domestic cats and wild felids (15%; 95% CI 10%-21%) (Nazari et al, 2023) and sheep (13%; 95% CI 10%-15%) (Morales et al, 2022). A possible explanation for the low prevalence found is that the most common diagnostic method used in the studies included in the present study was molecular tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…Based on the results of the present meta‐analysis, 5% (95% CI 2%–9%) of rodents are infected with N. caninum across the world. This prevalence rate is lower than N. caninum seroprevalence in cattle (23%; 95% CI 19%–27%) (Ansari‐Lari, 2021 ), domestic cats and wild felids (15%; 95% CI 10%–21%) (Nazari et al., 2023 ) and sheep (13%; 95% CI 10%–15%) (Morales et al., 2022 ). A possible explanation for the low prevalence found is that the most common diagnostic method used in the studies included in the present study was molecular tests.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Global prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Hamzavi

Salimi

Ahmadi

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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BackgroundNeosporosis has been considered a cause of abortion in dairy and beef cattle worldwide. Rodents are reservoir hosts for several infectious diseases. It is necessary to determine the prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents to improve the current understanding of the transmission dynamics of Neospora as well as its life cycle and risk of transmission to livestock. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to estimate the pooled global prevalence of N. caninum in different rodent species.MethodsPublished studies on the prevalence of N. caninum in different rodent species were searched in the MEDLINE/PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar and the reference lists of the retrieved articles until July 30, 2022. The eligible studies were selected using inclusion and exclusion criteria. The extracted data were verified and analysed using the random‐effect meta‐analysis.ResultFor this meta‐analysis, a total of 4372 rodents from 26 eligible studies were included. The global prevalence of N. caninum in rodents was estimated at 5% (95% CI 2%–9%), with the highest prevalence in Asia (12%; 95% CI 6%–24%) and lowest prevalence in America (3%; 95% CI 1%–14%) and Europe (3%; 95% CI 1%–6%). N. caninum was more prevalent in females (4%; 95% CI 2%–9%) than in males (3%; 95% CI 1%–11%). The most common diagnostic test was polymerase chain reaction (PCR) (21 studies). The pooled prevalence of N. caninum in rodents based on the diagnostic method was as follows: immunohistochemistry: 11% (95% CI 6%–20%), NAT: 5% (95% CI 4%–7%), IFAT: 5% (95% CI 2%–13%) and PCR: 3% (95% CI 1%–9%).ConclusionThe results of this study showed a relatively low but widespread prevalence of N. caninum infection in rodents.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Global prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Hamzavi

Salimi

Ahmadi

et al. 2023

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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“…and T. gondii in abortions in northern Spain. Several studies have pointed out that nutritional, climatic or management factors may influence the differential distribution of these pathogens among regions ( 12 , 14 , 32 , 34 ). In this sense, for instance, a more frequent presence of T. gondii in this region may be determined by climatic conditions, since it has been described that a humid climate, as the one existing in the northern region of the Iberian Peninsula, is associated with greater oocyst survival in the environment ( 35 , 36 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious abortions in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula: Optimization of sampling procedures for molecular diagnostics

Alzuguren¹,

Domínguez²,

Chacón³

et al. 2023

Front. Vet. Sci.

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IntroductionInfectious abortions have a major impact on small domestic ruminant farms, i.e., sheep and goats, both in terms of profitability and health status. Therefore, rapid and sensitive diagnosis is essential to minimize losses. Currently, molecular techniques, such as qPCR, are routinely used for their diagnosis, which imply the need to manipulate all abortive material, with consequent biosafety risks. Here, we evaluate the frequency of the main abortifacient pathogens in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula and also assess an alternative approach for the optimization of sampling for molecular diagnosis.ResultsA total of 392 clinical cases were analyzed from April 2020 to May 2021, evidencing that the main causative agents of abortion detected were Coxiella burnetii (49.0%), Chlamydia abortus (38.3%) and, to a lesser extent, Toxoplasma gondii (10.2%), Salmonella enterica (7.1%) and Campylobacter spp. (6.1%). An uneven distribution of these pathogens was observed between ruminant species, with a higher frequency (p < 0.05) of T. gondii, S. enterica and Campylobacter spp. in sheep than goat abortions, and among geographic areas, highlighting the higher frequency (p < 0.05) of T. gondii and Campylobacter spp. in the north compared to southeastern Spain. The alternative sampling method, consisting on the use of fetal tongues and placental swabs in replacement of the whole fetus and placental tissue, offered a very good agreement with the classical method for all pathogens, except for low concentrations of C. burnetii, which seems to have a doubtful role in abortion when its concentration in the abortifacient material is low.ConclusionsThis study reveals a high frequency of infectious etiology in abortions of small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula and validates for the first time an alternative sampling method for molecular diagnosis that will help to provide rapid and accurate results while minimizing biosafety risks.

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“…Moreover, N. caninum can be a potential factor causing a significant rate of miscarriages in ovine and caprine with a different pervasiveness (Dubey andSchares 2011, Nayeri et al 2022). The worldwide prevalence of N. caninum has recently been estimated at around 12% molecularly and 17% serologically in sheep (Langoni et al 2011, Mendoza-Morales et al 2022, Nayeri et al 2022) and highest in Colombia; 79% (Mendoza-Morales et al 2022). The rate of N. caninum infection 7-16% in goats (Moore et al 2007, Špilovská andReiterová 2008), 14-45% in horses and 12-34% in donkeys (Gharekhani et al 2020, Rahmani et al 2022.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

Mohammed,

Tavassoli,

Sidiq

et al. 2023

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is the etiologic agent of neosporosis, a potential cause of severe reproductive disorders in cattle, small ruminants, equines, wild animals and canids across the world. The current study is performed to estimate molecular prevalence of N. caninum in small ruminants and equines that had abortion in Kurdistan region of Iraq. A total of 64 tissue samples (brain, placenta, heart, lung and liver) were taken from aborted foetuses, with a total of 122 dam blood samples taken from 63 sheep, 39 goats, 12 mares and 8 jennies in local breed fields. Besides, a risk factor analysis for N. caninum positive animals was performed. The observed prevalence of N. caninum DNA in the blood of sheep, goats, horses and donkeys were 20.6%, 17.9%, 21.4% and 25.0%, respectively, and 19.3%, 17.6%, 18.1 and 20.0% in the aborted foetuses of the animals, respectively. Moreover, occurrence of N. caninum was 20.3% in the blood of aborted dams, while it was 18.7% in their aborted foetuses. Confirmatory analysis was also done through constructing a phylogenetic tree to compare the partial sequences of the Nc-5 gene in our isolates (OP771519, OP771520, OP771521 and OP771522) with the GenBank sequences. This showed 98-100% sequence identity with other N. caninum strains in the GenBank database. Older small ruminants and equines had a higher risk of being positive for N. caninum and exposure to dogs were considered as significant risk factors for N. caninum infection in the studied animals (p<0.05). Thus, the results of this study suggest that N. caninum is one of the microbial abortive agents in small ruminants and equines in Kurdistan region of Iraq. It is hoped that the results of this study will help to control animal abortion in livestock and reduce the economic losses.

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Neosporosis in sheep: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global seroprevalence and related risk factors

Cited by 5 publications

References 86 publications

Global prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Global prevalence of Neospora caninum in rodents: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Infectious abortions in small domestic ruminants in the Iberian Peninsula: Optimization of sampling procedures for molecular diagnostics

Prevalence of Neospora caninum as an etiologic agent of animal abortion in Kurdistan Region of Iraq

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