Neoteric advancements in polybenzimidazole based polymer electrolytes for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells - A versatile review

Moorthy, Siva; Sivasubramanian, Gandhimathi; Dinakaran, K.; Deivanayagam, Paradesi

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2023.04.005

Cited by 19 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 93 publications

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“…3.2.1. Synthesis of N 1 ,N 5 -bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4,6-dinitro-1,3-benzenediamine 1,5-dichloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (4.74 g, 0.02 mol) was added in small portions to a solution of 3,5-dimethoxyaniline (6.60 g, 0.043 mol) in DMA (15 mL) and triethylamine (6.5 mL) at 60 • C. The mixture was stirred for 8 h and then precipitated with ethanol (100 mL) and filtered to obtain 8.35 g (89%) of the product. M.p.…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M.p. 5 -bis(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-1,2,4,5-benzenetetramine N 1 ,N 5 -bis(3,5-methoxyphenyl)-4,6-dinitro-1,3-benzenediamine (7.6 g, 16.2 mmol) was mixed with ethanol (100 mL) and hydrogenated in 400 mL autoclave with 10% Pd/C catalyst (0.6 g) for 8 h at a pressure of 80 bar at 80-90 • C. The obtained solution was passed through silica gel and concentrated to 100 mL of total volume using a rotary evaporator then cooled until the precipitation of the product. The product was filtered and dried to obtain 5.42 g (81.5%).…”

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Unique Self-Phosphorylating Polybenzimidazole of the 6F Family for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Application

Ponomarev,

Volkova,

Skupov

et al. 2024

IJMS

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High-temperature polymer-electrolyte membrane fuel cells (HT-PEMFCs) are a very important type of fuel cells since they operate at 150–200 °C, making it possible to use hydrogen contaminated with CO. However, the need to improve the stability and other properties of gas-diffusion electrodes still impedes their distribution. Self-supporting anodes based on carbon nanofibers (CNF) are prepared using the electrospinning method from a polyacrylonitrile solution containing zirconium salt, followed by pyrolysis. After the deposition of Pt nanoparticles on the CNF surface, the composite anodes are obtained. A new self-phosphorylating polybenzimidazole of the 6F family is applied to the Pt/CNF surface to improve the triple-phase boundary, gas transport, and proton conductivity of the anode. This polymer coating ensures a continuous interface between the anode and proton-conducting membrane. The polymer is investigated using CO2 adsorption, TGA, DTA, FTIR, GPC, and gas permeability measurements. The anodes are studied using SEM, HAADF STEM, and CV. The operation of the membrane–electrode assembly in the H2/air HT-PEMFC shows that the application of the new PBI of the 6F family with good gas permeability as a coating for the CNF anodes results in an enhancement of HT-PEMFC performance, reaching 500 mW/cm2 at 1.3 A/cm2 (at 180 °C), compared with the previously studied PBI-O-PhT-P polymer.

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Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Unique Self-Phosphorylating Polybenzimidazole of the 6F Family for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Application

Ponomarev,

Volkova,

Skupov

et al. 2024

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…17 New types of NPFSA-PEM have been prepared by enhancing proton conductivity and mechanical stability through methods such as group grafting, 18,19 nanomaterial composites and doping, 20–22 structure design, 23,24 and cross-linking optimization. 25 NPFSA-PEM doped with conductive polymers, nanofillers, and other special materials often exhibit improved proton conductivity but reduced mechanical strength and other properties of the membrane material. 26 Therefore, to ensure excellent performance of NPFSA-PEM, it is necessary to establish a stable and reliable connection among the polymer network, sulfonic acid functional groups, and doped materials, while ensuring phase uniformity of the membrane material.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in non-perfluorinated sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes in the energy field

Lv,

Li,

et al. 2024

J. Mater. Chem. A

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“…Polymeric membranes such as phosphonated poly (benzimidazole) can be used in PEMFCs as electrolytes for proton conductivity. [4][5][6][7][8] The casting method can be employed to produce poly (benzimidazole) membranes for studies on PEMFCs. 9,10 Molecular weight of the polymer, 11,12 type of solvent, solution concentration, 13 mold size, drying temperature, 9 and crosslinking [14][15][16][17] are important parameters in the production of membranes suitable for PEMFCs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Those with proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs) are presented as an alternative as they only produce electricity, heat and water. Polymeric membranes such as phosphonated poly (benzimidazole) can be used in PEMFCs as electrolytes for proton conductivity 4–8 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of PBI membranes with controlled thickness for use in PEMFCs and the impact on water and phosphoric acid uptake

Galvão,

Ellakkis,

Becker

2024

Polymers for Advanced Techs

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Protonated poly (2,2′‐m‐phenylene‐5,5′‐bibenzimidazole) (PBI) membranes are good electrolytes for proton‐exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC) as they can be operated at high temperatures, thus favoring catalysis reaction kinetics, CO elimination, and water management. Electrolyte production from polymeric membranes with controlled thickness is important for the study of their properties and their use in fuel cells (FCs). When preparing PBI membranes by casting with controlled thickness, polymer solubility in different solvents was assessed as well as the relation between petri dish diameter and solution concentration. Membranes with different thicknesses were phosphonated and had their phosphoric acid (PA) and water uptake measured. A systematic procedure was established to prepare membranes with predetermined thickness using 12 mL of 5–8% PBI in N,N‐dimethylacetamide in petri dishes measuring 5–9 cm. Membranes with predicted thickness of 60 ± 20 μm and 200 ± 40 μm showed a maximum water uptake of 8.34 ± 0.01% and PA uptake of 32 ± 1% and 18 ± 2%, respectively. This study contributed significantly to systematize procedures for producing high‐quality membranes with predefined thickness and to understand the influence of their thickness on their degree of phosphonation.

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Neoteric advancements in polybenzimidazole based polymer electrolytes for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cells - A versatile review

Cited by 19 publications

References 93 publications

Unique Self-Phosphorylating Polybenzimidazole of the 6F Family for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Application

Unique Self-Phosphorylating Polybenzimidazole of the 6F Family for HT-PEM Fuel Cell Application

Recent advances in non-perfluorinated sulfonic acid proton exchange membranes in the energy field

Preparation of PBI membranes with controlled thickness for use in PEMFCs and the impact on water and phosphoric acid uptake

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