2004
DOI: 10.1042/cs20040048
|View full text |Cite
|
Sign up to set email alerts
|

Nephrocalcinosis: molecular insights into calcium precipitation within the kidney

Abstract: Nephrocalcinosis may be defined as a generalized increase in the calcium content of the kidneys. This renal calcification may occur at a molecular, microscopic or macroscopic level leading to progressive amounts of renal damage. The major causes include those associated with an increase in urinary levels of calcium, oxalate and phosphate. Under these conditions, urine concentration and supersaturation leads to calcium crystal precipitation, which may be an intratubular event or initiate within the renal inters… Show more

Help me understand this report

Search citation statements

Order By: Relevance

Paper Sections

Select...
2
1
1
1

Citation Types

2
118
0
6

Year Published

2006
2006
2020
2020

Publication Types

Select...
8
1

Relationship

0
9

Authors

Journals

citations
Cited by 130 publications
(126 citation statements)
references
References 116 publications
2
118
0
6
Order By: Relevance
“…In many cases, the initial event in the development of both nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis may be the formation of calcium-phosphate deposits in the thin limb of Henle, called "Randall's plaques," which form largely due to supersaturation of calcium and phosphate in that portion of the tubule (66,67). When these plaques rupture into the urinary space, they serve as a nidus for calcium-oxalate crystallization, and nephrocalcinosis results when the urothelium overgrows and encapsulates the crystals (63,68). The observation that most calcium-oxalate stones contain some calcium-phosphate supports this mechanism (61,66).…”
Section: Mechanism Of Kidney Injury From Osp: Nephrocalcinosismentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…In many cases, the initial event in the development of both nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis may be the formation of calcium-phosphate deposits in the thin limb of Henle, called "Randall's plaques," which form largely due to supersaturation of calcium and phosphate in that portion of the tubule (66,67). When these plaques rupture into the urinary space, they serve as a nidus for calcium-oxalate crystallization, and nephrocalcinosis results when the urothelium overgrows and encapsulates the crystals (63,68). The observation that most calcium-oxalate stones contain some calcium-phosphate supports this mechanism (61,66).…”
Section: Mechanism Of Kidney Injury From Osp: Nephrocalcinosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Calcium phosphate crystals are not birefringent, whereas calcium oxalate crystals are birefringent upon examination under polarized light. Hypercalciuria is a wellestablished risk factor for calcium crystal deposition, but nephrocalcinosis can occur in the setting of normal calcium excretion, particularly in the presence of primary or secondary hyperoxaluria (63). Patients with primary hyperoxaluria overproduce oxalate due to inherited enzyme defects and develop severe nephrocalcinosis and nephrolithiasis (64).…”
Section: Mechanism Of Kidney Injury From Osp: Nephrocalcinosismentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[12][13][14] The formation of less acidic urine predisposes to urolithiasis as the crystallization of Ca 2ϩ -phosphate occurs via the conversion of phosphate to its divalent form (HPO 4 2Ϫ ) in an alkaline rather than in an acidic environment. 15,16 Previously, insufficient urinary acidification was demonstrated in recurrent stone formers. 17,18 Currently, no clinical trials have documented the description of the prevention of stone formation by stimulating urinary acidification.…”
Section: Concomitantly Trpv5mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is not clear how these compounds (and phosphate) can become so high in the papillary interstitium. Perhaps they are actively pumped into the interstitium by membrane transport proteins (156,157). Despite their extremely high concentrations, poorly soluble calcium salts do not precipitate continuously in the papillary interstitium.…”
Section: Ha In the Healthy Kidneymentioning
confidence: 99%