Nephron Sparing Surgery in Renal Hydatidosis: An Experience

Abstract

CONTEXT: Cystic hydatid disease is a parasitic infestation caused by echinococcus granulosus and is endemic in India. Isolated renal echinococcal disease is uncommon. We present our experience with ten patients in our centre. AIMS: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of Nephron Sparing Surgery in Renal Hydatidosis. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: This was a retrospective study in which hospital records of patients with renal hydatidosis were reviewed. The presentation, diagonostic tests and therapeutic procedures performed were noted along with the complications there in. RESULTS: The disease can present in any age group and there is no sex predilection. Half of the patients were asymptomatic and the main complaint was flank pain. Majority had a solitary lesion. On imaging the cysts may appear multiloculated due to presence of daughter cysts. Immunological tests are not of much value because of low specificity. Partial Nephrectomy was performed in eight cases (80%) and Total Nephrectomy was performed in two cases (20%). Lumbar extraperitoneal approach was used in majority of cases. No significant complications were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The use of ultrasound examination has resulted in early diagnosis of renal hydatidosis and nephron sparing surgery is a feasible, safe and effective method of treatment.