Nephrotic syndrome among children in Kano: A clinicopathological study

Obiagwu, Patience Ngozi; Abdu, Aliyu; Atanda, Akinfenwa Taoheed

doi:10.4103/1119-3077.130247

Cited by 25 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This is consistent with previous studies in our centre, which showed high rates of steroid responsiveness since the steroid-responsive patients may become steroid dependent [10]. In contrast, similar studies conducted in Ibadan and Kano, Nigeria, and those in India and Greece, showed a preponderance of SRNS over SDNS [4,13,14,17]. In France, Finland and Italy, the commonest indication is asymptomatic urinary abnormalities [18].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…FSGS and MCD were common diagnoses in our study. The high incidence of FSGS is consistent with previous reports from our centre and other centres in Nigeria [10,13,14,16]. However, previous Nigerian studies reported a low incidence of MCD [21,22].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The higher incidence of hypertension and haematuria in SDNS contrasts with the report from Kano with a higher incidence of haematuria in SRNS (80%) [14]. This difference is probably related to environmental influences on the different populations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…[12]. In contrast, a study from Ile-Ife in Nigeria included 264 biopsies over 10 years whereas in Kano, Nigeria, 36 renal biopsies were reviewed in a year [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinicopathological report of children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome undergoing renal biopsy at workshops in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Obiorah

Okoro

2018

AJN

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Background: Kidney biopsy is a procedure that is not commonly performed in Nigeria. This study reports the clinical and pathological findings in children who underwent renal biopsies during nephrology workshops held in Port Harcourt in 2014 and 2015. Methods: The native kidney biopsies were processed and evaluated using light microscopy only. Results: Nineteen patients (10 females) were biopsied. The mean age was 11.0 ± 6.5 years and the range was 1.8 to 21 years. Eleven patients had steroid-dependent nephrotic syndrome (SDNS) whereas eight were steroidresistant (SRNS). Hypertension and haematuria were present more often in SDNS. There were 11 cases (58%) with non-proliferative lesions, including minimal change disease (4 cases), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (4 cases) and collapsing glomerulopathy (3 cases). The proliferative lesions (8 cases) included membranoproliferative (mesangiocapillary) glomerulonephritis (MPGN, 5 cases), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (2 cases) and MPGN with collapsing glomerulopathy (1 case). Overall, the most common pathological diagnosis was MPGN (26%). Hypertension was more common with proliferative than with non-proliferative lesions (63% versus 36%). Conclusions: Although MPGN was the most common morphological lesion among children with nephrotic syndrome, bigger studies are necessary to confirm this. Efforts should be intensified in acquiring the expertise and infrastructure for performing and interpreting renal biopsies in Port Harcourt in order to optimize patient management.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…[12]. In contrast, a study from Ile-Ife in Nigeria included 264 biopsies over 10 years whereas in Kano, Nigeria, 36 renal biopsies were reviewed in a year [13,14].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinicopathological report of children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome undergoing renal biopsy at workshops in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Obiorah

Okoro

2018

AJN

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“…From reports of studies carried out in our locale, although the cohorts are not large [14, 39] and various other parts of the world, FSGS either ranks first or second as the most common cause of idiopathic steroid resistant NS [40–42]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Trends in the histopathology of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Ibadan Nigeria: preponderance of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

et al. 2015

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BackgroundReports on the histopathology of childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS) had emanated from our Centre since the 1960s and by the late 1980s and early 1990s, a change was observed and reported. Taking into consideration the worldwide changing trend in the histopathology of the NS and our Unit policy change in the indications for renal biopsy, a change was envisaged. We therefore evaluated the current histologic pattern of childhood NS in Ibadan with the view to highlighting any variations from the past and comparing the findings with regional and global trends.MethodologyWe reviewed our database and analyzed the renal biopsy findings in patients who were biopsied before treatment was administered between 1997 and 2001 and those with mostly idiopathic steroid resistant NS (SRNS) and secondary NS, managed between 2006 and 2013. A comparative analysis of the findings from the present study was carried out with two previous reports from our Unit in the 1970s and early 1990s and also with reports from other Centres.ResultsA total of 78 patients had successful biopsies done during the study period in children aged between 2 ½ and 16 years. In both pre-treatment biopsy era (1997–2001) and post-treatment biopsy era (2006–2013), focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) predominated. 75 % of the patients had idiopathic NS and among the patients that had idiopathic steroid resistant NS, FSGS was the most common followed by MPGN. For secondary NS, MCD was the most common but could be the early stages of either membranous nephropathy (MN) or FSGS. Chronic pyelonephritis and chronic interstitial nephritis occurred in 25 % of the study population but they were more prevalent in secondary nephrotic syndrome.ConclusionFSGS is the most common histopathology in children requiring renal biopsy in Ibadan presently. FSGS is also the most common histopathology in idiopathic SRNS, which is in keeping with reports from most parts of the world.There has been a transition from the preponderance of Quartan Malarial Nephropathy (QMN) in the 1960s to MPGN in the 1980s to FSGS presently. This has great implications with regards to searching for new aetiologic factors, providing more efficacious treatment modalities and ensuring facilities for immunofluorescence, electron microscopic and genetic studies.

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Afpna

McCulloch

Safouh

Bourquia

et al. 2014

Pediatric Nephrology

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Nephrotic syndrome among children in Kano: A clinicopathological study

Abstract: Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was the most common histological subtype diagnosed in Kano among children with nephrotic syndrome in this study.

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Clinicopathological report of children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome undergoing renal biopsy at workshops in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Clinicopathological report of children and young adults with nephrotic syndrome undergoing renal biopsy at workshops in Port Harcourt, Nigeria

Trends in the histopathology of childhood nephrotic syndrome in Ibadan Nigeria: preponderance of idiopathic focal segmental glomerulosclerosis

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