Nephrotoxicity of flame retardants: An understudied but critical toxic endpoint

Kramer, Naomi E.; Barnett, Lillie Marie A.; Cummings, Brian S.

doi:10.1016/j.cotox.2022.100359

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Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances1

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2022

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“…All AFFFs induced cytotoxicity and markedly inhibited cell proliferation when exposed to only one-tenth of the working concentration of fire suppression [ 115 ]. Therefore, the health effects of occupational exposure to PFAS on workers should not be ignored [ 116 ]. Studies from meta-analysis focused on cancer risk among firefighters indicated that firefighters were at increased risk of developing multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, prostate, kidney, lung, and testicular cancer.…”

Section: Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Typical Environmental Endocrine Disruptors and Kidney Disease

Zhang

Flaws

Spinella

et al. 2022

Toxics

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Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are exogenous substances that alter the endocrine function of an organism, to result in adverse effects on growth and development, metabolism, and reproductive function. The kidney is one of the most important organs in the urinary system and an accumulation point. Studies have shown that EDCs can cause proteinuria, affect glomeruli and renal tubules, and even lead to diabetes and renal fibrosis in animal and human studies. In this review, we discuss renal accumulation of select EDCs such as dioxins, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), bisphenol A (BPA), and phthalates, and delineate how exposures to such EDCs cause renal lesions and diseases, including cancer. The regulation of typical EDCs with specific target genes and the activation of related pathways are summarized.

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Section: Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%