Nerve Guide Conduits Integrated with Fisetin‐Loaded Chitosan Hydrogels for Reducing Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Nerve Regeneration

Abstract

Peripheral nerve injuries represent a prevalent and severe category of damage resulting from traumatic incidents. Predominantly, the deficiency in nerve regeneration can be ascribed to enduring inflammatory reactions, hence imposing substantial clinical implications for patients. Fisetin, a flavonoid derived from plants, is naturally present in an array of vegetables and fruits, including strawberries, apples, onions, and cucumbers. It exhibits immunomodulatory properties through the reduction of inflammation and oxidative stress. In the present research, a nerve defect was addressed for the first time utilizing a scaffold primed for controlled fisetin release. In this regard, fisetin‐loaded chitosan hydrogels were incorporated into the lumen of polycaprolactone (PCL) nerve guide conduits (NGCs). The hydrogel maintained a steady release of an appropriate fisetin dosage. The study outcomes indicated that the fisetin/chitosan/polycaprolactone (FIS/CS/PCL) NGCs amplified Schwann cell proliferation and neural expression, curtailed oxidative stress, alleviated inflammation, and improved functions, electrophysiological properties, and morphology. This pioneering scaffold has potential to contribute significantly to the field of neuroengineering.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved

Therapeutic Potential and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes for Peripheral Nerve Regeneration: A Systematic Review

“…However, their density might impede cell colonization [ 14 , 18 ]. Recent studies are investigating the potential to enhance scaffold qualities by incorporating molecules such as fisetin, known for its immunomodulatory properties [ 82 ], or focusing on the thermosensitivity of hydrogels to ensure a slower release of extracellular vesicles [ 83 ]. Allografts, made from decellularized nerve tissue, veins, arteries, tendons or muscles, can be used to fill gaps.…”

Mechanochemical Approach to Obtaining a Multicomponent Fisetin Delivery System Improving Its Solubility and Biological Activity

“…For this reason, in recent years, investigators have pursued diverse strategies to augment FIS solubility with the goal of optimizing its delivery and effectiveness [20]. Studies investigated micelles, nanoparticles [21][22][23], amorphous solid dispersion [24], nanoemulsions [4,25,26], hydrogels [27][28][29], liposomes [30][31][32], nanocrystals [33], inclusion complexes with β-cyclodextrin (βCD) [34][35][36][37], 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPβCD) [37,38], and γ-cyclodextrin (γCD) [35].…”