Nervous System

Reinhold, Hillary A.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-2896-1.00006-8

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Arteriovenous malformation (AVM) is an abnormal connection between an artery and vein which results in high-pressure shunting of arterial blood to the venous circulation directly [ 35 ]. As a result, excessive stress occurs in the venous wall and thus, overstressed veins become enlarged, stretched, and often rupture.…”

Section: Endovascular Embolizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Polymer Materials in Trackable Endovascular Embolization and Cell Delivery: From Hype to Hope

Rana

Melancon

2022

Biomimetics

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Minimally invasive endovascular embolization is a widely used clinical technique used for the occlusion of blood vessels to treat various diseases. Different occlusive agents ranging from gelatin foam to synthetic polymers such as poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) have been commercially used for embolization. However, these agents have some drawbacks, such as undesired toxicity and unintended and uncontrolled occlusion. To overcome these issues, several polymer-based embolic systems are under investigation including biocompatible and biodegradable microspheres, gelling liquid embolic with controlled occlusive features, and trackable microspheres with enhanced safety profiles. This review aims to summarize recent advances in current and emerging polymeric materials as embolization agents with varying material architectures. Furthermore, this review also explores the potential of combining injectable embolic agents and cell therapy to achieve more effective embolization with the promise of outstanding results in treating various devastating diseases. Finally, limitations and challenges in developing next-generation multifunctional embolic agents are discussed to promote advancement in this emerging field.

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Section: Endovascular Embolizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Polymer Materials in Trackable Endovascular Embolization and Cell Delivery: From Hype to Hope

Rana

Melancon

2022

Biomimetics

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“…DSA uses a contrast dye injected directly into the cerebral vasculature through a catheter that is strategically navigated by x-ray guidance. Once injected, x-ray images of the head reveal the cerebral vasculature while DSA provides a series of images at 2-3 frames per second, detecting the abnormalities in blood flow represented by the contrast dye [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictive Deep Learning Model for Neural Vessel Occlusion

Karlsberg,

Kim,

Zaghari

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Recent advances in medical applications for clot removal have enabled physicians to unblock blood vessel occlusions that occur in extremely narrow regions of the brain along the Horizontal (M1) segment of the middle cerebral artery. FDA approved, clinical trials have proven the significant cerebral recovery that can be achieved for victims of ischemic stroke when they undergo swift surgical intervention for clot removal. That said, carrying out such a delicate operation simultaneously requires extreme surgical expertise, and the ability to quickly identify the site of occlusion from 2D x-ray images of the brain. Fortunately, recent efforts in object detection and classification within the fields of deep learning and computer vision have dramatically improved the predictive power of the computer. Accordingly, the goal of this research project is to develop a deep learning model capable of accurately predicting the site of occlusion from frontal view cerebral angiograms in real time. Our current model utilizes YOLOv3 architecture and identifies the site of occlusion in 94.4% of all cases given a minimum 25% confidence threshold. Furthermore, in 83.97% of cases, the occlusion region is detected with at least 50% average intersection over union between the predicted region and the ground truth region. Finally, distributed over the entire validation set, the average intersection over union between the predicted region and the ground truth region was 74.29%.

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Central mechanisms of muscle tone regulation: implications for pain and performance

Cacciatore,

Anderson,

Cohen

2024

Front. Neurosci.

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Muscle tone represents a foundational property of the motor system with the potential to impact musculoskeletal pain and motor performance. Muscle tone is involuntary, dynamically adaptive, interconnected across the body, sensitive to postural demands, and distinct from voluntary control. Research has historically focused on pathological tone, peripheral regulation, and contributions from passive tissues, without consideration of the neural regulation of active tone and its consequences, particularly for neurologically healthy individuals. Indeed, simplistic models based on the stretch reflex, which neglect the central regulation of tone, are still perpetuated today. Recent advances regarding tone are dispersed across different literatures, including animal physiology, pain science, motor control, neurology, and child development. This paper brings together diverse areas of research to construct a conceptual model of the neuroscience underlying active muscle tone. It highlights how multiple tonic drive networks tune the excitability of complex spinal feedback circuits in concert with various sources of sensory feedback and in relation to postural demands, gravity, and arousal levels. The paper also reveals how tonic muscle activity and excitability are disrupted in people with musculoskeletal pain and how tone disorders can lead to marked pain and motor impairment. The paper presents evidence that integrative somatic methods address the central regulation of tone and discusses potential mechanisms and implications for tone rehabilitation to improve pain and performance.

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Nervous System

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

Emerging Polymer Materials in Trackable Endovascular Embolization and Cell Delivery: From Hype to Hope

Emerging Polymer Materials in Trackable Endovascular Embolization and Cell Delivery: From Hype to Hope

Predictive Deep Learning Model for Neural Vessel Occlusion

Central mechanisms of muscle tone regulation: implications for pain and performance

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