“…Despite their contextual diversities, since the 2000s, cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Lisbon and Rome have experienced an intensification of punitive containment strategies against street sex workers (Motterle, 2020;Olcuire, 2019), informal street vendors (Espinosa, 2021;Harney, 2004) and, more generally, precarious users who live the night to work, play, rest or escape. A set of local regulations has been designed in these cities to prevent 'uncivil', 'indecorous' or 'immoral' behaviour in public spaces (Tulumello and Bertoni, 2019;Vartabedian, 2011). Building upon these local regulations, national security policies have amplified the capability of the police force as well as bureaucratic sanctions against these 'deviant' practices in both public and private spaces based on a reified securitised discourse.…”