Nest and Eggs of the Marsh Antwren (Stymphalornis acutirostris): The Only Marsh-Dwelling Thamnophilid

Reinert, Bianca Luiza; Belmonte-Lopes, Ricardo; Bornschein, Marcos R.; Sobotka, Daiane D.; Corrêa, Leandro; Pie, Márcio R.; Pizo, Marco Aurélio

doi:10.1676/11-099.1

Cited by 13 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…In addition, the species was recorded in Rio Grande do Sul (Bencke et al 2010), 329 km south of Reinert et al's (2007) southernmost site, suggesting a more positive conservation scenario. In the present study, we updated the estimates of the AOO and population size of F. acutirostris and reassessed its conservation status, as suggested previously (Reinert andBornschein 2008, Reinert et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Population of the Paraná AntwrenFormicivora acutirostrisreassessed as being 64% smaller: Revision of its conservation status and assessment of its Green Status, with management proposals

Bornschein,

Sandretti-Silva,

Sobotka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Assessing the conservation status of a species is important for designing effective conservation measures. Consequently, it is often vital to review it to update biodiversity management.Formicivora acutirostrisis a bird from coastal marshes and related habitats of Brazil’s southern flood plains. It is considered endangered in Brazil but near threatened globally. In 2007, its area of occupancy (AOO) and population size were estimated based on assessment of aerial photographs from 1978 and 1980. Since the species is threatened and occupies a small area scattered across a coastal pressured region, we aimed to reassess its conservation status and assess its Green Status. We compiled new records, conducted new density estimates, and compared the previous mapping with orbital imagery to estimate the current AOO, habitat loss, population size, and review its conservation status based on the International Union for Conservation of Nature criteria. The species is distributed across 10 populations, including two new populations from the southern coast of Santa Catarina to the northern coast of Rio Grande do Sul. We estimated the AOO at 4,102 ha and the population as 6,284 mature territorial individuals. The previously mapped AOO has decreased by 1,535 ha due to ecological succession. The loss of habitat due to invasion by exotic grasses is the main anthropogenic impact. We recommend that the species be considered vulnerable. The Green Status indicates that the Conservation Legacy of actions taken thus far and the Conservation Dependence of ongoing actions are null, but it highlights the importance of future actions for species conservation. We propose the establishment of exotic-free zones as small geographic areas with a significant amount of minimally invaded environments, which we suggest as priority areas for the conservation of the species due to their cost-effective management potential. We also propose assisted colonization to enhance its long-term conservation.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 55%

Population of the Paraná AntwrenFormicivora acutirostrisreassessed as being 64% smaller: Revision of its conservation status and assessment of its Green Status, with management proposals

Bornschein,

Sandretti-Silva,

Sobotka

et al. 2023

Preprint

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“…The apparent advantages of nesting in the lower layer in Urochloetum are the support for the nests and the buoyancy of the biomass under high-tide conditions, which could potentially reduce reproductive losses from flooding—an impact that is quite significant for wetland birds (Marshall and Reinert 1990 ; Shriver 2002 ; Greenberg et al 2006 ; Reinert 2006 ; Norbdy et al 2009 ). In the study region, high tides flood the nests of F. acutirostris (Reinert et al 2012 ), the least bittern Ixobrychus exilis (Gmelin, 1789), P. nigricans , Phleocryptes melanops , the yellow-chinned spinetail Certhiaxis cinnamomeus (Gmelin, 1788), Tachuris rubrigastra , and the Brazilian tanager Ramphocelus bresilia (Linnaeus, 1766; MRB per. obs.).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This work occurred in concert with research focused on F. acutirostris (see Reinert et al 2012 ; Bornschein et al 2015 ), the wren-like rushbird Phleocryptes melanops (Vieillot 1817), and the many-colored rush tyrant Tachuris rubrigastra (Vieillot 1817) (see Favretto et al 2022 ). Our quantitative sampling consisted of point counts of all species of birds seen or heard within a 50 m radius of the observer (Bibby et al 1998 ; see also Bornschein et al 2017 ), for 15 min at each point.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Appearance of a population of the mangrove rail Rallus longirostris (Rallidae) in salt marshes invaded by the exotic tanner grass Urochloa arrecta (Poaceae) and its disappearance after plant management

et al. 2022

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Biological invasions cause species extinction but can also provide benefits. Wetlands, such as salt marshes, include little-known but important ecosystems that are sometimes severely invaded by exotic plants. Salt marshes in eastern South America are increasingly impacted by invasions of the African grass Urochloa arrecta . This study investigated the appearance of a population of the mangrove rail Rallus longirostris in areas dominated by U. arrecta and its disappearance with the eradication of this plant. We monitored four areas (54.47 ha) in the Guaratuba Bay estuary in southern Brazil, from 2006 to 2022, two of which contained four patches of U. arrecta as the dominant species. In 2012, we started to eradicate U. arrecta with mechanical management, and in 2020, it was eradicated locally. We recorded R. longirostris for the first time within a patch of U. arrecta in 2007. In subsequent years we saw the species in two other patches of the exotic plant. Rallus longirostris was no longer observed once U. arrecta was eradicated. Differences in patch occupancy between invaded and uninvaded habitats observed for R. longirostris and Pardirallus nigricans , and the disappearance of R. longirostris following the exotic plant management suggest competitive advantage and/or differential habitat preference and population density as hypotheses to explain observed patterns. The invasion of U. arrecta can increase the local populations of R. longirostris . Since this bird is not endangered, we encourage the management of U. arrecta because of its impact on salt marshes, including an endemic endangered bird. Supplementary information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13157-022-01642-7.

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“…In this way, only two species of Thamnophilidae live exclusively in marshes (Bornschein et al 2015; See also Zimmer and Isler 2003: 492), the Parana antwren Formicivora acutirostris (Bornschein et al 1995) and Sao Paulo antwren F. paludicola (Buzzetti et al 2013). The first species occurs in coastal marshes flooded daily by tides (see habitat details in Reinert et al [2007]), which can put a toll on reproduction due to the frequent drowning of nests, with consequences for parent care (Reinert et al 2007, 2012). In the present study, we investigated brood division and explored the possible hypotheses related to its associated functions to increase productivity in F. acutirostris , a marsh-dwelling bird endemic to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (Brooks et al 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brood division in a marsh-dwelling bird and its relation with the increase in offspring survival, acceleration of renest, and reduced competition for food resources

Sandretti-Silva,

Teixeira,

Golec

et al. 2023

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Parental care involves strategies that increase the offspring survival. In some birds, each adult only feeds one young (brood division). Six hypotheses explain the functions of brood division: 1) reduced predation; 2) selection of a young by the parents; 3) selection of an adult by the young; 4) reduction of offspring competition; 5) efficiency improvement in parent-offspring interactions; and 6) social specialization. We studied the reproductive behavior and nestling morphology of the species to evaluate the possible functions associated with the brood division in Formicivora acutirostris, a bird of tidal marshes of southern Brazil. Females lay two eggs, but nests with one nestling may occur. We monitored 899 nests, nestlings, and parental care of young until they reached independence. Brood division occurred when the fledglings left the nest and continued until their independence. We did not observe a difference in the frequency with which sex feed single fledglings clutches. The fledglings remain in separated areas (pro hypothesis #1). There is a sex bias in the division (pro hypothesis #2). Adults fed the siblings equally (contra hypothesis #3). There is no aggression between siblings (contra hypothesis #4). Each fledgling remained close to their adult and responds only to it (pro hypotheses #5 and #6). We propose that brood division in the species may 7) reduce drowning of fledglings, 8) spatially divide food consumption, and 9) allow concomitant reproduction. We emphasize flooding as a structuring force for F. acutirostris, which raises concerns about the effects of climate change on this species.

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Nest and Eggs of the Marsh Antwren (Stymphalornis acutirostris): The Only Marsh-Dwelling Thamnophilid

Cited by 13 publications

References 2 publications

Population of the Paraná AntwrenFormicivora acutirostrisreassessed as being 64% smaller: Revision of its conservation status and assessment of its Green Status, with management proposals

Population of the Paraná AntwrenFormicivora acutirostrisreassessed as being 64% smaller: Revision of its conservation status and assessment of its Green Status, with management proposals

Appearance of a population of the mangrove rail Rallus longirostris (Rallidae) in salt marshes invaded by the exotic tanner grass Urochloa arrecta (Poaceae) and its disappearance after plant management

Brood division in a marsh-dwelling bird and its relation with the increase in offspring survival, acceleration of renest, and reduced competition for food resources

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