Nest characteristics of Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus) in Middle and Upper Sakarya Region, Turkey

Balaban, Sunay; Yamaç, Elif

doi:10.5505/biodicon.2019.70299

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Although immigration can be an important driver of population dynamics in small populations (Lieury et al., 2015; Schaub & Ullrich, 2021; Soriano‐Redondo et al., 2019), and has been shown for other raptors in the Balkans (Demerdzhiev et al., 2015), we did not include an immigration component in our population model. The Egyptian Vulture population in the Balkans is small and fragmented (Velevski et al., 2015), and >500 km from the nearest healthy source population that could provide a significant number of immigrants (Balaban & Yamac, 2018; Katzenberger et al., 2019). Although it is not impossible that birds from other populations might recruit into the Balkan population, the number of immigrants is likely a negligible source of the population trajectory in the Balkans.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population reinforcement and demographic changes needed to stabilise the population of a migratory vulture

Oppel

Saravia²,

Bounas³

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Ecology

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One approach to stabilise small and declining populations is to breed individuals in captivity and release them into the wild to reinforce existing populations while working to reduce threats. Population reinforcement programmes require long‐term commitments to be successful and can divert limited resources from other conservation measures. A rigorous evaluation whether reinforcement can stabilise a population is therefore essential to justify investments. Many migratory species incur high mortality during their first migration, and releasing captive‐bred birds at an older age may therefore benefit reinforcement programmes for migratory birds. We examine whether a small and declining population of a long‐distance migratory raptor—the Egyptian Vulture Neophron percnopterus—can be stabilised using population reinforcement that reduces mortality during the first migration. We used an integrated population model to evaluate realistic reinforcement and survival improvement scenarios to estimate how many captive‐bred birds would need to be released to stabilise the population. Survival probability of wild juveniles during their first year (0.296; 95% CI 0.234–0.384) was too low for a stable population (population growth rate 0.949; 95% CI 0.940–0.956), but captive‐bred juveniles released in their second calendar year had improved survival (0.566; 95% CI 0.265–0.862) during their first year in the wild. Reinforcement of 15 birds per year for 30 years was insufficient to achieve a neutral or positive population growth rate. However, reinforcement reduced the probability of extinction by 2049 from 48% without reinforcement to <1% if 12 or more birds were released every year for 30 years. A 6% increase in annual survival probability would likely lead to a stable population without any reinforcement. Synthesis and applications. Although releasing captive‐bred birds can reduce high juvenile mortality during first migration and assist in postponing local extinction, further improvements of survival in the wild are required to safeguard a migratory population where threats in the wild will persist for decades despite management.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population reinforcement and demographic changes needed to stabilise the population of a migratory vulture

Oppel

Saravia²,

Bounas³

et al. 2021

Journal of Applied Ecology

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“…The study was performed in Northwest Anatolia ( Figure 1). Detailed information regarding the study area was previously presented by Balaban and Yamaç (2018). Feathers were used for heavy metal analysis, being a noninvasive method.…”

Section: Study Area and Samplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy metal accumulation as a threat to the endangered Egyptian vulture(Neophronpercnopterus L.) in Turkey

Yamaç¹,

Ozden²,

Balaban³

et al. 2019

Turk J Zool

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Due to anthropogenic activity, most vulture species are threatened. Neophron percnopterus, the Egyptian vulture, is a vulture species with a declining population. One of the most important factors threatening the species is exposure to chemicals. The second largest population of this bird species is found in Turkey. Accumulation of heavy metals for this species has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to detect and measure As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb, and Zn values in the feathers of Neophron percnopterus. Calamis and vane, which are different part of the feathers, were analyzed separately with ICP-OES. According to the results, the mean value of heavy metal accumulation is below the threshold levels, except for Pb (mean ± SD = 32.26 ± 74.71 μg/g d.w.) and Cr (mean ± SD = 17.82 ± 33.74 μg/g d.w.) in vanes. On the other hand, all heavy metal values other than Hg and Zn had critical levels, which may result in lethal and sublethal effects on individuals.

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Breeding Habitat and Factors Affecting the Cliff Selection by Egyptian Vultures in Central-West Nepal

Gurung¹,

Subedi²,

Baral

et al. 2022

Journal of Raptor Research

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The Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus) is a resident species in Nepal, and breeds in the lower mountains in the southern plains of Nepal. Nest-site availability is an important factor that determines the population growth of vultures; however, such information is lacking in South Asia. We here describe the characteristics and spatial distribution patterns of Egyptian Vultures' nest sites in the foothills of the Himalayan Mountains in central-west Nepal, and the factors that influence their nest-site selection. From 2012 through 2018, we surveyed all the known and potential nesting cliffs of the Egyptian Vulture located in the Pokhara Valley and its periphery during the nest building and nestling-rearing periods. In addition, we used generalized linear models to analyze the influence of landscape configuration, topography, and human disturbance factors on nest-site selection. We found a total of 21 occupied nests in a sampled area of 346 km2. Nests were not uniformly distributed, and the nearest neighbor distance between nests averaged 8.8 ± 6.1 km. Nests were located at an elevation of 523–1644 masl on cliffs with a mean height of 20.1 ± 12.2 m; 76% were in caves and 24% were on open ledges. Our models suggested that cliff height, anthropogenic trophic resources, and altitudinal variation around the cliff were the main determinants of the nesting cliff selection. Selection of small cliffs closer to food sources could minimize energy expenditure during food delivery and interspecific competition for nesting sites. The high altitudinal variation around the nest sites suggest that Egyptian Vultures preferred heterogeneous habitat, which might also be relatively difficult for humans to access and use easily.

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Nest characteristics of Egyptian vulture (Neophron percnopterus) in Middle and Upper Sakarya Region, Turkey

Cited by 3 publications

References 9 publications

Population reinforcement and demographic changes needed to stabilise the population of a migratory vulture

Population reinforcement and demographic changes needed to stabilise the population of a migratory vulture

Heavy metal accumulation as a threat to the endangered Egyptian vulture(Neophronpercnopterus L.) in Turkey

Breeding Habitat and Factors Affecting the Cliff Selection by Egyptian Vultures in Central-West Nepal

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