Nest sites of Great Spotted WoodpeckersDendrocopos majorand Middle Spotted WoodpeckersDendrocopos mediusin Near-Natural and Managed Riverine Forests

Comparative reproductive biology of Middle Spotted WoodpeckersDendrocopos mediusand Great Spotted WoodpeckersD. majorin a riverine forest

“…In 2004, the whole study plot (222.6 ha) was established as a nature reserve named Czeszewski Las. More detailed information about the nesting habitats of woodpeckers is presented elsewhere (Kosinski & Winiecki 2004, Kosinski et al 2006.…”

Habitat and Annual Variation in Arthropod Abundance Affects Blue TitCyanistes caeruleusReproduction

“…As a consequence, the effects deteriorating the parkland habitat structure as compared with the woodland seem to be analogous but more pronounced than in the case of managed vs. natural forests (e.g. Wesołowski et al 2005, Kosiński et al 2006. Hence, we initially assumed that the differences in the structure of the two habitats studied would influence trophic conditions for breeding birds (cf.…”

Nest characteristics of the Eastern Rock Nuthatch (Sitta tephronota) in southwestern Iran

“…Additionally, the trees used by ERNs were ~20 cm smaller in trunk diameter than trees inhabited by the Eurasian Nuthatch (based on tree trunk measurements at the height of 65 cm reported in Wesołowski & Rowiński 2004). Even though each species has different habitat requirements, these data suggest that nuthatches (like woodpeckers) also selected nest locations high in tree stands that have trees with thicker trunks as well as greater heights (Wesołowski & Rowiński 2004, Kosiński et al 2006, Michalczuk & Michalczuk 2016. We, therefore, assume that in our study area, the ERN was able to inhabit only lower-placed tree nests.…”