Nest success of northern bobwhite on managed and unmanaged landscapes in southeast Iowa

Potter, Lisa; Otis, David L.; Bogenschutz, Todd R.

doi:10.1002/jwmg.18

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Our nest survival estimate (0.19, SE = 0.10) was lower than that of published estimates in southeast Iowa (0.28 and 0.50; Potter et al ), northern Missouri (0.44; Burger et al ), western Oklahoma (0.48; Cox et al ), east‐central Mississippi (0.40; Taylor and Burger ), southern New Jersey (0.45; Collins et al ), southern Texas (0.38; Rader et al ), and Florida (0.41; Rolland et al 2010). Mean clutch size (12.5 ± 3.2) was slightly lower than the 14.4 and 13.7 reported by Stoddard () and Roseberry and Klimstra (), respectively.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 74%

“…To properly manage reclaimed mine land for bobwhite, it is important to understand how characteristics of the vegetation (i.e., structure, composition) and composition and arrangement of vegetation types on the landscape may influence bobwhite fecundity. Such metrics have been linked to bobwhite resource selection and survival (Seckinger et al , Holt et al , Janke et al ), but few studies have linked these metrics to nest survival (Taylor et al , Potter et al ). Furthermore, few studies have assessed the influence of direct, active habitat manipulation on nest success and those that have suggested there was no evidence that habitat management influenced nest success across multiple spatial scales (Potter et al ).…”

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Northern bobwhite breeding season ecology on a reclaimed surface mine

et al. 2016

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Surface coal mining and subsequent reclamation of surface mines have converted large forest areas into early successional vegetative communities in the eastern United States. This reclamation can provide a novel opportunity to conserve northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus). We evaluated the influence of habitat management activities on nest survival, nest‐site selection, and brood resource selection on managed and unmanaged units of a reclaimed surface mine, Peabody Wildlife Management Area (Peabody), in west‐central Kentucky, USA, from 2010 to 2013. We compared resource selection, using discrete‐choice analysis, and nest survival, using the nest survival model in Program MARK, between managed and unmanaged units of Peabody at 2 spatial scales: the composition and configuration of vegetation types (i.e., macrohabitat) and vegetation characteristics at nest sites and brood locations (i.e., microhabitat). On managed sites, we also investigated resource selection relative to a number of different treatments (e.g., herbicide, disking, prescribed fire). We found no evidence that nest‐site selection was influenced by macrohabitat variables, but bobwhite selected nest sites in areas with greater litter depth than was available at random sites. On managed units, bobwhite were more likely to nest where herbicide was applied to reduce sericea lespedeza (Lespedeza cuneata) compared with areas untreated with herbicide. Daily nest survival was not influenced by habitat characteristics or by habitat management but was influenced by nest age and the interaction of nest initiation date and nest age. Daily nest survival was greater for older nests occurring early in the breeding season (0.99, SE < 0.01) but was lower for older nests occurring later in the season (0.08, SE = 0.13). Brood resource selection was not influenced by macrohabitat or microhabitat variables we measured, but broods on managed units selected areas treated with herbicide to control sericea lespedeza and were located closer to firebreaks and disked native‐warm season grass stands than would be expected at random. Our results suggest the vegetation at Peabody was sufficient without manipulation to support nesting and brood‐rearing northern bobwhite at a low level, but habitat management practices improved vegetation for nesting and brood‐rearing resource selection. Reproductive rates (e.g., nest survival and re‐nesting rates) at Peabody were lower than reported in other studies, which may be related to nutritional deficiencies caused by the abundance of sericea lespedeza. On reclaimed mine lands dominated by sericea lespedeza, we suggest continuing practices such as disking and herbicide application that are targeted at reducing sericea lespedeza to improve the vegetation for nesting and brood‐rearing bobwhite. © 2016 The Wildlife Society.

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Northern bobwhite breeding season ecology on a reclaimed surface mine

et al. 2016

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“…We noted potential nest locations and visited them immediately the next day to confirm the location and presence of the marked bird. Potential nest sites were investigated only when the bird was determined to be temporarily away [ 36 ]; and since bobwhites typically do not spend much time at the nest until the onset of incubation, we assumed the parent’s daily presence on the nest marked the end of the egg laying period and beginning of incubation [ 21 , 22 , 37 ]. When visiting nests for the first time, we installed either one or two motion-activated cameras at the site (Primos Ultra-blackout Truth Cam).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of northern bobwhite survival and fitness in the West Gulf Coastal Plain ecoregion

Doggett

Locher

2018

PLoS ONE

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In the West Gulf Coastal Plains (WGCP) northern bobwhite (Colinus virginianus) are declining faster than range-wide averages and such declines have been linked to the consequences of land management. Management for the endangered red-cockaded woodpecker (Picoides borealis) has benefitted northern bobwhite by restoring mature pine-grassland ecosystems in some areas of the region. However, at Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Crossett, Arkansas, USA, the bobwhite population was not increasing despite the availability of seemingly suitable habitat from management for the endangered species. To understand factors that may be affecting bobwhite survival on Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge we conducted a telemetry study and assessed summer survival, brood survival, and nest success from 1 April– 11 August in 2013 and 1 April– 15 August in 2014. We also calculated home-range sizes and measured microhabitat characteristics around nests. Summer survival rates were 71% (SE = 0.17) and 47% (SE = 0.14); while nest success was 47% (SE = 0.02) and 100% for 2013 and 2014, respectively. Between years, both 95% and 50% kernel home-ranges were not different (pooled, 63.92±6.07 ha and 14.94±1.75 ha); however minimum convex polygon home-range sizes were (113.8 ± 20.1 ha in 2013; and 393.1 ± 49.0 ha in 2014, P < 0.001). Only numerical differences in microhabitat vegetation characteristics of nest sites and non- nest sites were observed. We suggest management for red-cockaded woodpeckers supports bobwhite populations but only as a buffer against more severe declines. Since bobwhites are declining range-wide, we believe areas federally managed for red-cockaded woodpeckers will become increasingly more important for sustaining regional bobwhite population levels.

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“…We investigated habitat selection by bobwhite coveys to better understand how habitat availability affects use at multiple spatial scales in a contemporary Midwestern agricultural landscape within the core of the bobwhite range in Ohio (Spinola and Gates 2008). Earlier research with bobwhites showed differences in habitat use among sites with active habitat management and unmanaged private lands (Hughes et al 2005, Potter et al 2011). Therefore, we focused exclusively on private‐owned and unmanaged lands to characterize habitat use and selection during the non‐breeding season on a representative sample of landscapes occupied by bobwhites in Ohio.…”

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Home range and habitat selection of northern bobwhite coveys in an agricultural landscape

Janke

Gates

2012

J Wildl Manag

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Northern bobwhites thrive in fine-grained landscapes with a diversity of early succession woodland, grassland, and agriculture-associated habitat types. Bobwhite conservation has proved challenging in the increasingly coarse-grained Midwestern landscape as simplified agricultural cropping systems are implemented at larger spatial scales. Regardless, managing agricultural landscapes on private lands is the primary opportunity to restore bobwhite populations in the Midwestern United States. Although bobwhite habitat requirements are well understood, habitat selection in contemporary Midwestern landscapes is not well understood, especially on private lands where populations are declining. We used compositional analysis to investigate second-(study area) and third-(home range) order habitat selection by radiomarked bobwhite coveys on 4 private land study areas in southwestern Ohio. Mean covey home range size was 26.1 AE 2.2 ha (n ¼ 48). Although home ranges were established in areas with more grassland cover, bobwhites most strongly selected early succession woody habitat (e.g., fencerows and ditches) at all scales, and selection for grassland diminished between the study area and home range scales. Grassland selection varied among sites and was strongest on sites with more row crop area. Woodlots were avoided at the study area scale, but were selected within home ranges. Grassland cover, like that provided by contemporary conservation programs, is an essential component of bobwhite habitat in the Midwest, but our results suggest more emphasis should be placed on early succession woody cover. Woody cover associated with fencerows, ditches, and woodlots adjacent to food sources and breeding habitat will likely improve non-breeding season survival, which is an influential vital rate in northern populations. ß 2012 The Wildlife Society.KEY WORDS agricultural landscape, Colinus virginianus, compositional analysis, northern bobwhite, Ohio, private land, woody cover.

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Nest success of northern bobwhite on managed and unmanaged landscapes in southeast Iowa

Cited by 19 publications

References 24 publications

Northern bobwhite breeding season ecology on a reclaimed surface mine

Northern bobwhite breeding season ecology on a reclaimed surface mine

Assessment of northern bobwhite survival and fitness in the West Gulf Coastal Plain ecoregion

Home range and habitat selection of northern bobwhite coveys in an agricultural landscape

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