“…Hence, the need arises for a computationally efficient model which accounts for the interaction of a wind turbine foundation with the surrounding/underlying soil. A fairly general solution is the so-called lumped-parameter model, the development of which has been reported by Wolf (1991a), Wolf & Paronesso (1991), Wolf (1991b), Wolf & Paronesso (1992), Wolf (1994), Wolf (1997), Wu & Lee (2002), and Wu & Lee (2004). The present section is, to a great extent, based on this work.…”