Net Energy Value of Feeds for Lactation

Moe, P.W.; Flatt, William P.; Tyrell, H. F.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(72)85601-7

Cited by 187 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 6 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…It should be noted however, that the ratio ME:digestible energy for the dairy cow test diet fed (Cammell et al, 2000) yielded a mean value of 0.877, in agreement with Moe et al (1972), whereas the value for wether sheep is given as 0.82 by ARC (1980). Thus with dairy cows, there appears to be significant compensation, for any reductions in digestibility caused by higher rates of passage though the rumen and associated lower retention times in the rumen, resulting in reduced methane production.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Methods for correcting the metabolizable energy intakes of ruminants measured at the production level of feeding to that measured at the maintenance level

Alderman¹,

Kebreab²,

France³

2001

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Respiration chamber estimates of metabolizable energy intakes and diet metabolizability for ruminants cannot be used directly to check existing metabolizable energy requirements, because of the definition of ME concentrations of feeds used in the ARC (1980) energy requirement models. These were constructed so that the amounts of net energy available for the synthesis of milk or body tissue was predicted from ME intake as defined. Reversal of the calculations requires that both metabolizability measured at the maintenance plane and feeding level as a multiple of maintenance requirement, which is also a function of diet metabolizability, are available, which is not usually the case with calorimetry studies. In the case of dairy cows, two functions were derived, both quadratic in nature, which were solved to give the required estimates of ME intake measured at the maintenance level of feeding. Use of either of the quadratic functions on test data showed the procedures to be accurate. Mean differences in ME requirement of the order of 25 MJ/d above current standards were found with the first procedure. The second procedure developed was sensitive to the estimate of fasting metabolism adopted. Using recent estimates of the latter, the mean value for ME intake measured at the maintenance level of feeding obtained indicated that no level of feeding correction was necessary to get an accurate fit of the model to the test data. Also, that the 5% safety margin adopted in AFRC (1993) was not required.The exponential energy retention model for growing beef cattle of ARC (1980) cannot be reversed; it generates a transcendental equation with no algebraic solution. The linear model of ARC * Corresponding address 542 CORRECTING THE ME INTAKES OF RUMINANTS (1965), with a feeding level correction dependent upon diet metabolizability is shown to be a good fit to the exponential model, and its use is suggested if estimates of depressions in diet metabolizability by growing beef cattle are required. The derived equation was cubic in nature. The Newton-Raphson method was used to obtain solutions numerically, using suitable test calorimetry data. Testing of the solutions obtained showed the equation derived was reliable, and that the AFRC (1993) ME requirements for growing beef cattle are accurate.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

“…Only a few calorimetric studies of ME requirements for dairy cows (e.g. Yan et al, 1997a, b) have been reported since current energy requirements were published in 1980, which relied on the work with dairy cows of Moe et al (1972) and Van Es (1975) for estimates of maintenance ME requirements and efficiencies of ME utilization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methods for correcting the metabolizable energy intakes of ruminants measured at the production level of feeding to that measured at the maintenance level

Alderman¹,

Kebreab²,

France³

2001

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Os CT e CNF foram obtidos a partir das equações propostas por Sniffen et al (1992) Para a conversão do NDT em energia líquida, adotou-se a equação de Moe et al (1972), que corresponde à energia líquida no nível de mantença, 0,12…”

Section: Methodsunclassified

Suplementação de lipídios em dietas para cabras em lactação: consumo e eficiência de utilização de nutrientes

Silva¹,

Rodrigues²,

Branco³

et al. 2007

R. Bras. Zootec.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

RESUMO -O efeito de diferentes formas de suplementação lipídica sobre o consumo, a digestibilidade, o balanço de compostos nitrogenados, a produção de leite e a eficiência de utilização de nutrientes em cabras lactantes foi testado com a inclusão de óleo de soja (OS), sais de cálcio de ácidos graxos de cadeia longa (SC) e grão de soja (GS) na dieta. Foram utilizadas 24 cabras lactantes, alocadas em delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e seis repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram de uma dieta controle (C), com 2,2% de EE e isenta de lipídio suplementar, e de três outras dietas, adicionadas de um dos suplementos testados, contribuindo com 4,5% de EE suplementar. O consumo voluntário e a produção de leite foram monitorados diariamente no período de 51 a 138 dias de lactação. Effects of fat supplements on intake and efficiency of nutrient utilization in lactating dairy goats ABSTRACT -The effect of different fat supplements on intake, digestibility, nitrogen balance, milk yield and efficiency of nutrient utilization was evaluated in lactating dairy goats. Twenty-four dairy goats were assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatments and six replicates/treatment. The fat supplements tested were soybean oil (SO), calcium salts of longchain fatty acids (CS) and whole soybean (WS), which contributed with 4.5% of dietary ether extract. A control diet with no added fat was also fed to the animals. Daily measurements of intake and milk yield were done from day 51 to day 138 of lactation.Intakes of DM (DMI), NDF (NDFI), TDN (TDNI), and net energy (NEI) were lower on soybean oil and whole soybean than on control and CS diets. Feeding fat supplements to lactating goats reduced digestibilities of OM, CP and TC. Digestibility of NDF was reduced by SO while that of NFC was reduced by WS. Yields of milk fat, milk protein and milk decreased when WS was fed and the feeding of all three fat supplements depressed the yield of milk lactose. No significant differences in the concentration of milk components were observed across treatments. Similarly, the net efficiency of utilization of ingested metabolizable energy for milk production (kl) did not differ among diets. The same was true for nitrogen balance and retained nitrogen.Key Words: calcium salts of fatty acids, goats, milk, oil, production, soybean IntroduçãoA produção de leite é um processo metabólico altamente dependente de energia. No início da lactação, ocorrem simultaneamente redução da capacidade de ingestão de MS e elevação das exigências energéticas, em razão da maior produção. Assim, os animais, por meio da homeorresia (Bauman, 2000), mobilizam suas reservas corporais para atender esta condição fisiológica.

show abstract

“…Until 1970, total digestible nutrients (TDN) and crude protein (CP) were used to estimate available energy and protein in feeds, respectively, with reasonable success, given the knowledge about feed digestive losses, the narrow genetic base of cattle to which they were applied in North America, laboratory analytical capabilities available, and the ability of advisors and producers to apply them in the field, including limitations in quantifiable inputs such as feed and animal weights. The development of the California net energy (NE) system using the comparative slaughter technique (Lofgreen & Garrett, 1968) and the studies conducted at the USDA-ARS Beltsville Research Center on net energy for lactation using respiration chambers (Moe et al, 1972) provided enough information to implement net energy systems in the National Research Council nutrient requirement recommendations for Beef (NRC, 1970) and Dairy (NRC, 1971) cattle. These systems predict more accurately the requirements and performance on a given diet by basing maintenance requirements on metabolic body size (NE m ), tissue (NE g ), and milk (NE l ) composition and differential feed values for different physiological functions (e.g.…”

Section: Usa National Research Council (Nrc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical models in ruminant nutrition

Tedeschi

Fox

Sainz³

et al. 2005

Sci. agric. (Piracicaba, Braz.)

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Mathematical models can be used to improve performance, reduce cost of production, and reduce nutrient excretion by accounting for more of the variation in predicting requirements and feed utilization in each unique production situation. Mathematical models can be classified into five or more categories based on their nature and behavior. Determining the appropriate level of aggregation of equations is a major problem in formulating models. The most critical step is to describe the purpose of the model and then to determine the appropriate mix of empirical and mechanistic representations of physiological functions, given development and evaluation dataset availability, inputs typically available and the benefits versus the risks of use associated with increased sensitivity. We discussed five major feeding systems used around the world. They share common concepts of energy and nutrient requirement and supply by feeds, but differ in structure and application of the concepts. Animal models are used for a variety of purposes, including the simple description of observations, prediction of responses to management, and explanation of biological mechanisms. Depending upon the objectives, a number of different approaches may be used, including classical algebraic equations, predictive empirical relationships, and dynamic, mechanistic models. The latter offer the best opportunity to make full use of the growing body of knowledge regarding animal biology. Continuing development of these types of models and computer technology and software for their implementation holds great promise for improvements in the effectiveness with which fundamental knowledge of animal function can be applied to improve animal agriculture and reduce its impact on the environment. Key words: cattle, feeding, nutrient, requirement, supply MODELOS MATEMÁTICOS NA NUTRIÇÃO DE RUMINANTESRESUMO: Modelos matemáticos podem ser utilizados para melhorar a performance, reduzir os custos de produção, e minimizar a exceção de nutrientes através de melhores estimativas da exigência e utilização de alimentos em vários cenários produtivos. Modelos matemáticos podem ser classificados em cinco ou mais categorias dependendo da sua natureza. Um dos maiores problemas na construção de modelos matemáticos é o nível de agregação das equações. Os passos mais importantes são o estabelecimento do propósito do modelo, determinação da melhor combinação de equações empíricas e teóricas para representar das funções fisiológicas dado a disponibilidade de banco de dados, informações tipicamente encontradas a nível de campo, e os benefícios e riscos associados com o uso do modelo na produção animal. Nesse artigo são discutidos cinco sistemas de alimentação padrão de ruminantes mais utilizados atualmente. Eles compartilham de conceitos de exigência e disponibilidade de energia e nutrientes, mas diferem na estrutura e como esses conceitos são abordados. Modelos animais podem ser utilizados para vários propósitos, entre eles uma simples descrição de observações, estimativa...

show abstract

Net Energy Value of Feeds for Lactation

Cited by 187 publications

References 6 publications

Methods for correcting the metabolizable energy intakes of ruminants measured at the production level of feeding to that measured at the maintenance level

Methods for correcting the metabolizable energy intakes of ruminants measured at the production level of feeding to that measured at the maintenance level

Suplementação de lipídios em dietas para cabras em lactação: consumo e eficiência de utilização de nutrientes

Mathematical models in ruminant nutrition

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About