Net mineralization nitrogen and soil chemical changes with application of organic wastes with ‘Fermented Bokashi Compost’

Abstract

ABSTRACT. The use of organic wastes in agricultural soils is one of the possible ways to employ these materials. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effectiveness of organic wastes and Fermented Bokashi Compost (FBC), to establish the most efficient use of organic wastes for a soil, changing the net nitrogen mineralization and soil chemical properties. The experimental design was completely randomized in a 6 x 2 x 5 factorial, being five organic wastes plus an control (soil without waste), with or without FBC, evaluated at 0, 7, 42, 70 and 91 days of incubation, with three replicates, under laboratory conditions. The organic wastes enhanced the soil chemical properties and increased nitrogen concentration in soil. However, the net nitrogen mineralization was affected by C/N ratio of wastes and incubation time. The FBC mixed with the wastes accelerated and enhanced organic matter degradation, resulting in quickly available quantity of net nitrogen. The wastes can be considered potentially useful as organic fertilizer but their usefulness appears to depend on knowing the C/N ratio of each one. The FBC can be used when one wants a more accelerated degradation, resulting in a quicker quantity of available nutrients to the plants.Keywords: efficacy of microorganisms, sewage sludge, degradation, fertility.Mineralização líquida de nitrogênio e mudanças químicas no solo com a aplicação de resíduos orgânicos com 'Composto Fermentado Bokashi' RESUMO. O uso de resíduos orgânicos nos solos é uma das maneiras possíveis para empregar estes materiais. Os objetivos deste estudo foram avaliar a eficácia de resíduos orgânicos e do composto fermentado Bokashi (FBC) e estabelecer o uso mais eficiente dos resíduos, alterando a mineralização líquida de nitrogênio e as propriedades químicas do solo. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, em fatorial 6 x 2 x 5, sendo cinco resíduos mais um controle (solo sem resíduo), com ou sem FBC, avaliados aos 0, 7, 42, 70 e 91 dias de incubação, com três repetições, em condições de laboratório. Os resíduos orgânicos melhoraram as propriedades químicas e aumentaram a concentração de nitrogênio no solo. No entanto, a mineralização líquida do nitrogênio foi afetada pela relação C/N dos resíduos e o tempo de incubação. A mistura do FBC com os resíduos acelera e melhora a degradação da matéria orgânica, resultando em uma quantidade de nitrogênio líquido rapidamente disponível. Os resíduos estudados podem ser considerados potenciais adubos orgânicos, contudo sua utilidade parece depender do conhecimento da relação C/N de cada um. O FBC pode ser usado quando se deseja uma degradação mais acelerada, resultando em rápida quantidade de nutrientes disponíveis para as plantas.Palavras-chave: eficácia dos microorganismos, lodo de esgoto, degradação, fertilidade.

Short-Term Changes in Fertility Attributes and Soil Organic Matter Caused by the Addition of EM Bokashis in Two Tropical Soils

“…Similar results were found by Boechat et al [6] that evaluated the effects of application of five organic residues in Ferralsol chemical attributes. Probably, the increase of soil pH is linked with the use of limestone or lime in the EM Bokashi formulation, with the objective of eliminating parasites and pathogens microorganisms possibly present in the organic residues.…”

“…There are differences in the effects observed for the simple organic fertilizers input on soil chemical attributes and those proportioned to them enriched with EM [6]. This lack of information, especially important for tropical soils, hampers the comparison of results and their discussion.…”

“…Moreover, it may also contribute with increments in the soil quality, with emphasis on the improvement in the contents of soil organic matter (SOM) and all benefits associated therewith, with positive effects on agricultural crops [6,7]. Among the organic fertilizers commonly used, the EM Bokashi plays a special role, generally constituted by agroindustrial residues, such as flours or brans and manure, which are inoculated with a solution of effective microorganisms (EM) containing anaerobic and aerobic organisms, favoring the oxidative decomposition and enzymatic fermentation.…”

Effects of microaerobic fermentation and black soldier fly larvae food scrap processing residues on the growth of corn plants (Zea mays)

“…BSFL treatment average plant height (45.2 cm) was 39% shorter than the control (p < 0.05); leaf growth was 19% less than the control (however p > 0.05). The increased plant growth resulting from MF treatment builds on recent research showing that MF soil amendment increases available N and soil fertility (Boechat, Santos, & Accioly, 2013). Also, Suthamathy and Seran (2013) found increased radish growth in MF of manure compared to both inorganic fertilizer and no fertilizer treatments.…”

Organic compounds with high Ni content: Effects on soil and strawberry production

“…The use of sewage sludge, alone or in combination with other organic composts (OC), increases soil organic matter and inorganic nutrients and corrects soil pH (Boechat et al, 2013). As a result, sewage sludge has been shown to improve plant productivity (Khan et al, 2013).…”