Net volatilization of PAHs from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean observed by passive sampling

Zheng, Haowen; Cai, Minggang; Zhao, Wenlu; Khairy, Mohammed A.; Chen, Mian; Deng, Hengxiang; Lohmann, Rainer

doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116728

Cited by 21 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 60 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The distribution of higher levels in the shelf area and lower levels in the basin area was similar to those of other SVOCs, such as PCBs and PBDEs (Carrizo et al., 2017). Previous studies have suggested the crucial role of long‐range transport for SVOCs in high‐latitude environments according to their latitudinal distribution (Lohmann et al., 2009; Zheng et al., 2021). However, no significant latitudinal trends were founded for individual PAHs or their sum concentrations ( p : 0.156–0.902) except Chr ( p < 0.05), which indicates the local PAH input was also an important factor influencing their distribution trend.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

Cai

Duan

et al. 2022

JGR Oceans

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Arctic Ocean, linking the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, is a fundamental node in the global hydrological cycle and thermohaline circulation (Carmack et al., 2016;Talley et al., 2011). A major inflow to the Arctic Ocean comes from the Atlantic through the Fram Strait and the Barents Sea, with a minor inflow from the Pacific side through Bering Strait (Liu, Chen, et al., 2021;Y. Ma et al., 2018). The outflow from the Arctic Ocean, being cold and fresh, is mainly conveyed by East Greenland Current through the Fram Strait, which is the only deep channel allowing energy and materials to exchange between the Arctic Ocean and other oceans (X. Wang et al., 2021). The Arctic is the most sensitive area worldwide and is undergoing visible and less visible changes such as warming, refreshing, and sea ice loss (Dai et al., 2019;Ko et al., 2020;Morison et al., 2012). External to the Arctic Ocean, the bordering subarctic oceans are undergoing substantial changes in heat, salt, and biogeochemical properties, therefore amplifying the climate response of the Arctic Ocean (Steele & Boyd, 1998).

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

Cai

Duan

et al. 2022

JGR Oceans

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In the basin area of the Bering Sea, its inflows are mainly from the Alaskan Stream, a northern boundary current of the cyclonic North Pacific subarctic gyre providing relatively fresh water (Stabeno et al., 2018). PAHs in the surface water of the Bering Basin are mainly from long‐range transport through ocean currents or air, hence tending at relatively low levels due to the degradation during the transport process (Ke et al., 2017; Zheng et al., 2021). While in the shelf area of the Bering Sea, surface currents carry Anadyr Water, Bering Shelf Water, and Alaska Coastal Water flow into the Chukchi Sea through the Bering Strait.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are a class of semivolatile organic compounds of great concern due to their toxicity and carcinogenic effects on humans and ecosystems (Cabrerizo et al., 2014; Cai et al., 2016; Gong et al., 2021; Gonzalez‐Gaya et al., 2016; Gustafsson et al., 1997; Ma et al., 2013; Wang et al., 2020). They have ongoing emissions from pyrogenic or petrogenic sources, and could arrive in polar regions through long‐range transport through the air or ocean currents, as their reported existence in Arctic seawater, marine sediment, freshwater, snow, air, soil, and biota (Balmer et al., 2019; Ding et al., 2007; Ke et al., 2017; Lin et al., 2020; Lohmann et al., 2009; Rigét et al., 2019; Yunker et al., 2002; Zheng et al., 2021). Important source regions of PAHs surround the Arctic Ocean, Eurasia, and North America, accounting for 30% of global pollutant emissions (Chen et al., 2021; Shen et al., 2013; Zhang & Tao, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…seawater, marine sediment, freshwater, snow, air, soil, and biota (Balmer et al, 2019;Ding et al, 2007;Ke et al, 2017;Lin et al, 2020;Lohmann et al, 2009;Rigét et al, 2019;Yunker et al, 2002;Zheng et al, 2021). Important source regions of PAHs surround the Arctic Ocean, Eurasia, and North America, accounting for 30% of global pollutant emissions (Chen et al, 2021;Shen et al, 2013;Zhang & Tao, 2009).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Particulate Export of PAHs Firstly Traced by ²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb Disequilibrium: Implication on the “Shelf Sink Effect” in the Arctic Ocean

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the changing Arctic Ocean, organic pollutants' transport and biogeochemical processes are strongly influenced by their particulate export on the broad continental shelf. To better evaluate the vertical particulate export of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), seawater samples were collected from the Bering Sea, Chukchi Sea, and Canada Basin with the first application of 210Po/210Pb disequilibrium during the summer of 2012. Dissolved PAHs (1.1–19 ng L−1, mean 5.2 ± 3.6 ng L−1) showed spatial distinctions, with high values on the Bering Shelf and low values in the Chukchi Sea, while particulate PAHs (1.0–12 ng L−1, mean 5.0 ± 3.5 ng L−1) showed high levels in the nutrient‐rich Bering Shelf Water layer. According to the 210Po/210Pb deficit on the Bering Shelf, the export fluxes of particulate PAHs ranged from 1,201 ± 276 to 3,650 ± 1,570 ng m−2 d−1, and their residence time ranged from 55 ± 23 to 133 ± 31 days. From the Bering Shelf to the Chukchi Sea, the decreased inventories of dissolved PAHs were positively related to their vertical particulate export fluxes (R2 = 0.62), suggesting the “Shelf Sink Effect” on PAHs.

show abstract

“…The meta-analysis of DBC and PAH concentrations considered those papers reporting the dissolved phase concentrations of BC and PAHs. DBC and PAH literature sources were limited to those reporting concentrations in surface waters (0–25m for the DBC and 0–10m for PAHs) from the open ocean and coastal regions. ,,− Reports of DBC and PAHs in rivers and estuaries were not considered. Generally, there are more oceanic measurements for PAHs than for DBC.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dissolved Black Carbon and Semivolatile Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Ocean: Two Entangled Biogeochemical Cycles?

Trilla-Prieto

Vila‐Costa

Casas

et al. 2021

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Dissolved black carbon (DBC) plays a role in the oceanic carbon cycle. DBC originates from the heating and incomplete combustion of organic matter, including fossil fuels, a shared origin with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). DBC is quantified using the benzene polycarboxylic acids produced by oxidation of the organic extract, a fraction of which derive from PAHs and other semivolatile aromatic-like compounds (SALCs). However, the current view of the DBC cycle does not take into account the inputs and sinks known for PAHs, such as diffusive air−water exchange and degradation. A meta-analysis of oceanic PAHs, SALCs, and DBC concentrations shows that SALCs account for 16% of DBC (ranging from 5% to 31%). Such a large contribution of semivolatile aromatic hydrocarbons to DBC is consistent with the large atmospheric input of SALCs (estimated as 400 Tg C y −1 ). Furthermore, photodegradation at the surface ocean and microbial degradation in the water column of semivolatile DBC can be important sinks, consistent with the ubiquitous occurrence of the degradation genes of the metabolic routes for aromatic hydrocarbons. Future work should focus on the characterization of semivolatile DBC and its degradation in order to constrain its contribution to refractory organic matter and the anthropogenic perturbation of the carbon cycle.

show abstract

Net volatilization of PAHs from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean observed by passive sampling

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

Particulate Export of PAHs Firstly Traced by ²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb Disequilibrium: Implication on the “Shelf Sink Effect” in the Arctic Ocean

Dissolved Black Carbon and Semivolatile Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Ocean: Two Entangled Biogeochemical Cycles?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Net volatilization of PAHs from the North Pacific to the Arctic Ocean observed by passive sampling

Cited by 21 publications

References 60 publications

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

PAHs in the North Atlantic Ocean and the Arctic Ocean: Spatial Distribution and Water Mass Transport

Particulate Export of PAHs Firstly Traced by 210Po/210Pb Disequilibrium: Implication on the “Shelf Sink Effect” in the Arctic Ocean

Dissolved Black Carbon and Semivolatile Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Ocean: Two Entangled Biogeochemical Cycles?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Particulate Export of PAHs Firstly Traced by ²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb Disequilibrium: Implication on the “Shelf Sink Effect” in the Arctic Ocean