Net water flux and land use shifts across the Brazilian Cerrado between 2000 and 2019

Changes in Land Use and Cover and Their Environmental Impacts in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso Do Sul, Brazil

“…Behera and Sahani (2003) [20], when comparing the physicochemical characteristics of soils under native forest, regenerating forest, and eucalyptus plantation, indicated soils with eucalyptus cultivation as having low activity of microorganisms, due to harmful compounds released by eucalyptus litter and low carbon levels, and as a consequence, reduced structural stability and increased erosion potential. Soybean monoculture is contextualized in the current process of expansion of the soybean agricultural frontier across the Brazilian Cerrado, incorporating the MATOPIBA region (states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia) and advancing to other states, such as Mato Grosso do Sul [21,22]. Soybean production data by state in 25 harvests (1996-1997 to 2020-2021) from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation [23] indicated that Mato Grosso presented the highest growth in annual production (higher than 1257 thousand tons per year), followed by Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, Goiás, and Mato Grosso do Sul, with annual rates of 611.9, 590.3, 412.8, and 362 thousand tons, respectively.…”

“…Point (B): eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp. ).The temporary crop in 2022 is produced for the international commodities market, with soybean (Glycine max) in the months of September to April or May (Figure6Aon 15 November 2022) and corn (Zea mays) in the off-season (Figure 6A on 6 June 2023).Soybean monoculture is contextualized in the current process of expansion of the soybean agricultural frontier across the Brazilian Cerrado, incorporating the MATOPIBA region (states of Maranhão, Tocantins, Piauí, and Bahia) and advancing to other states, such as Mato Grosso do Sul[21,22]. Soybean production data by state in 25 harvests (1996-1997 to 2020-2021) from the Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation[23] indicated that Mato Grosso presented the highest growth in annual production (higher than 1257 thousand tons per year), followed by Rio Grande do Sul, Paraná, Goiás, and Mato Grosso do Sul, with annual rates of 611.9, 590.3, 412.8, and 362 thousand tons, respectively.In Mato Grosso do Sul state, Campo Grande stands out as one of the municipalities with values above the state average of productivity throughout the 2022-2023 soybean harvest, with productivity of 68.37 sc/ha, in an area of 112,931.20 ha, and production of 463,242.52 tons[24].…”