Network coding-based multipath routing for energy efficiency in wireless sensor networks

Abstract

This article studies the energy efficiency of wireless sensor networks with network coding-based multipath routing (NCMR). The employed multipath model is braided multipath model, and the network coding scheme is random linear network coding. Braided multiple paths to the sink node are established for each source node, and the packets encoded at source nodes are transmitted on the braided multipath network. Then, intermediate nodes reencode the received packets and forward the new packets to next cluster. Finally, the sink node decodes the packets received from different paths and recovers the original data. When network coding is combined with multipath routing, the number of required routes and the total times of transmission in sensor networks are reduced, which leads energy consumption of NCMR lower than that of traditional multipath routing, and this is proved by the theoretical analysis results in this article. Meanwhile, results of the analysis show that NCMR provides more reliability. Extensive simulations are carried out, and the results are consistent with those of the theoretical analysis. Moreover, based on the study of the influence of different network parameters (e.g., number of hops, number of paths) on the performance of sensor networks, an optimal combination scheme of different parameters are proposed, which makes the network accomplish transmissions with less resource. Finally, in order to study the robustness of NCMR, some simulation experiments are carried out under special conditions such as interference on channels with memory, congested environments, and failed nodes, which show that NCMR is more effective in adapting to these scenarios.

Connectivity-Aware and Adaptive Multipath Routing Algorithm for Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Networks

“…This section presents seven important requirements to be fulfilled by an adaptive multipath routing algorithm for mobile ad hoc and sensor networks First, although ad hoc and wireless sensor networks could be infrastructure-less based, and use multihop communication [10], they may show many differences including, but not limited to, the availability of computational resources, battery energy availability [15], and the security of the area in which the network is deployed. Since the proposed algorithm should be operational on both Ad Hoc and Wireless Sensor Networks, it should take into consideration those constraints specific to WSN.…”

An overview of performance trade-off mechanisms in routing protocol for green wireless sensor networks

“…This technique can guarantee the same reliability while consume the least energy, thereby the equilibrium of the performances should be supplied based on the coding technique itself. The routing protocols that use random linear network coding technology also include: Guo's scheme [84], network coding-based multipath routing (NCMR) [85], energy efficient reliable multi-path routing using network coding (NC-EERMR) [86], multi-path routing based on network coding (NCR) [87].…”

An energy‐efficient and security aware route selection protocol for wireless sensor networks

“…These paths could be either node‐disjointed, which is considered in this paper, or link‐disjointed. Other types of multipath routing exploited braided multipath with network coding to reduce energy consumption and to enhance reliability . Several distributed node‐disjointed paths computation algorithms have been studied in the context of ad hoc and sensor networks .…”