Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban

Reino, Luís; Figueira, Rui; Beja, Pedro; Araújo, Miguel B.; Capinha, César; Strubbe, Diederik

doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700783

Cited by 104 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…However, to avoid unintended consequences of the EU ban or other regional bans, such as unexpected geographic redirections or taxonomic changes in the international pet trade (Cardador et al., ; Reino et al. ), more global inter‐continental strategies that address biological invasions as a global issue are required. Applying the precautionary principle, blanket bans, such as the EU ban, should be seriously considered at a global level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks

Cardador

Tella

Anadón

et al. 2019

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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International wildlife trade is a major source of current biological invasions. However, the power of trade regulations to reduce invasion risks at large, continental scales has not been empirically assessed. The European wild bird trade ban was implemented in 2005 to counter the spread of the avian flu. We tested whether the ban reduced invasion risk in two European countries, where 398 nonnative bird species were introduced into the wild from 1912 to 2015. The number of newly introduced species per year increased exponentially until 2005 (in parallel with the volume of wild bird importations), and then sharply decreased in subsequent years. Interestingly, a rapid trade shift from wild‐caught birds to captive‐bred birds, which have lower invasive potential than wild‐caught birds, allowed the maintenance of bird availability in markets. Our results demonstrate the effectiveness of a trade ban for preventing biological invasions without impacting the ability to meet societal demands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Two recent modeling approaches have predicted that the EU ban may have reduced invasion risks in target regions, while legal trade fluxes were redirected to other regions along with predicted risks (Cardador et al., ; Reino et al. ). Thus far, however, no empirical support for their effectiveness has been provided.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks

Cardador

Tella

Anadón

et al. 2019

CONSERVATION LETTERS

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“…The global transport of exotic birds for the pet trade has resulted in many parrot species escaping captivity and becoming established in the wild outside of their native ranges (Reino et al . ). The ring‐necked parakeet ( Psittacula krameri ) is one of the most widely distributed parrot species in the world.…”

Section: Case Study 2: Parakeets In Europementioning

confidence: 97%

“…Parrots (Psittacidae spp) have been popular as pets for centuries due to their colorful plumage (Figure 1b), engaging behavior, and intelligence. The global transport of exotic birds for the pet trade has resulted in many parrot species escaping captivity and becoming established in the wild outside of their native ranges (Reino et al 2017). The ring-necked parakeet (Psittacula krameri) is one of the most widely distributed parrot species in the world.…”

Section: Case Study 2: Parakeets In Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Social–ecological mismatches create conservation challenges in introduced species management

Beever

Simberloff

Crowley

et al. 2019

Frontiers in Ecol & Environ

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Introduced species can have important effects on the component species and processes of native ecosystems. However, effective introduced species management can be complicated by technical and social challenges. We identify “social–ecological mismatches” (that is, differences between the scales and functioning of interacting social and ecological systems) as one such challenge. We present three case studies in which mismatches between the organization and functioning of key social and ecological systems have contributed to controversies and debates surrounding introduced species management and policy. We identify three common issues: social systems and cultures may adapt to a new species’ arrival at a different rate than ecosystems; ecological impacts can arise at one spatial scale while social impacts occur at another; and the effects of introduced species can spread widely, whereas management actions are constrained by organizational and/or political boundaries. We propose strategies for collaborative knowledge building and adaptive management that may help address these challenges.

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“…At the EU level, the importation of wild‐caught birds has been banned since 2005 (Commission Decision (EC) 2005/760/EC of 27 October 2005). Originally implemented to stop the spread of avian influenza, this has resulted in a sharp decline in the import of potentially invasive birds including monk parakeets …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediterranean versus Atlantic monk parakeets Myiopsitta monachus: towards differentiated management at the European scale

Postigo

Strubbe

Mori

et al. 2019

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND The monk parakeet Myiopsitta monachus (Boddaert), native to South America, is an invasive species in several European countries, causing crop damage and potential negative impacts on wildlife. Only Spain and Great Britain have regulations to control monk parakeets, thus fast growth and spread of populations are likely to occur on a wide scale. The aims of this research are to update information on the distribution and population size of monk parakeets in Europe, assess whether differences in population growth or spread rate exist between populations, and provide recommendations to decision‐makers. RESULTS Our study estimates that there are 23 758 monk parakeets in the wild, across 179 municipalities in eight European Union (EU) countries; 84% of these municipalities hold between 1 and 100 monk parakeets. All countries with a representative historical record are experiencing exponential growth of monk parakeets. Mediterranean countries are experiencing higher exponential growth, spread rate and faster colonization of new municipalities than Atlantic countries. CONCLUSIONS We recommend that EU Mediterranean countries consider declaration of the monk parakeet as invasive alien species of regional concern, and develop coordinated efforts to monitor and manage the species, taking advantage of the low population sizes in most municipalities. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry

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Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban

Abstract: European Union’s ban on trade in wild-caught birds both reduces and redistributes bird invasion risk globally.

Cited by 104 publications

References 46 publications

The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks

The European trade ban on wild birds reduced invasion risks

Social–ecological mismatches create conservation challenges in introduced species management

Mediterranean versus Atlantic monk parakeets Myiopsitta monachus: towards differentiated management at the European scale

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