Neumoparotiditis o neumoparótida en el niño: Un diagnóstico diferencial a considerar

Abstract

Childhood parotid swelling has a number of differential diagnosis mostly of inflammatory origin. Pneumoparotitis is an uncommon cause of parotid inflammation. It is caused by an excessive increase of intraoral pressure and secondary passage of air into the Stensen or Stenon duct and its glandular branches. Diagnostic clues can usually be obtained by a directed anamnesis. Ultrasonography (US) and computed tomography are essential diagnostic tools for this condition that has a benign course with spontaneous resolution in most cases. We present four cases of pneumoparotitis diagnosed by US in children 5 to 13 years of age. One of the cases occurred after the child chewed gum and made bubbles for a prolonged timeperiod and the other three after inflating baloons, making bubbles inside a pool and after playing the flute. All cases resolved spontaneously after two days. We suggest to consider pneumoparotitis in the differential diagnosis of parotid swellig in children.

Pneumoparotid related to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome treated by oral appliance with anterior opening to reduce intraoral pressure

“…3,4 Fortunately, subsequent innovations and mechanization have dramatically reduced pneumoparotid as an occupational disease in glass workers. Previous have indicated an association between playing wind instruments, such as the trumpet, 1,33,34 horn, 1,8,35 tuba, 36 clarinet, 8 flute, 37 and recorder. 38 Stensen's duct valve prevents reflux into the parotid gland by the smaller diameter of the orifice, which is covered by redundant mucosal layers.…”

Pneumoparotid Related to Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome Treated by Oral Appliance with Anterior Opening to Reduce Intraoral Pressure

“…Previous studies indicated an association between playing wind instruments, such as the trumpet, 1,40,41 horn, 1, 8, 42 tuba, 43 clarinet, 8 flute, 44 or recorder. 45 The Stensen's duct valve prevents reflux into the parotid gland by the smaller diameter of the orifice, which is covered by redundant mucosal layers.…”

Etiology of Pneumoparotid: A Systematic Review

“…The reasons for patients' self-induced pneumoparotid were conflicts with parents [7,96], as an excuse for not going to school [11,40,48,96], an adjustment reaction to adolescence [12,17,21], to gain attention [69], mental disorders [16,39,56,96], to escape duty [67,131], and to leave prison [111]. Causative wind instruments, including toy instruments, were trumpets [5,13,54], flutes [66,76], a clarinet [13], a horn [15], a tuba [74], a recorder [77], fanfare [64], and a paper trumpet [104]. Diseases inducing pneumoparotid included coughing attacks [18,38,51,96], nervous tic [6,32,55], obstructive sleep apnea syndrome [42,125], sneezing crisis [10], mental disorder [17], clearing nares during hay fever attack [20], head and maxillofacial trauma [46], and vomiting [100].…”

“…Iatrogenic causes were dental air syringe [28,29,92,117], continuous positive airway pressure [108], air powder prophylaxis unit [33], spirometry [50], general anesthesia [85], upper endoscopy [91], and non-invasive positive pressure ventilation [102]. Most balloon blowers were children [13,42,76,94,98,122], whereas two were adults who blew for their children [79,97]. Other etiologies included decompression after diving [15], watchkeeping in a compartment [15], massage in the periauricular region [26], lifting heavy luggage [71], diving while retaining air in the oral cavity [76], facial trauma [87], diving while holding air in the oral cavity [93], and radiation therapy 126].…”

“…Hyrtl first described pneumoparotid in 1865 in a wind instrument player [127]. Various terms, even in languages other than English, have been used for this condition, such as pneumoparotitis [15, 17, 21, 25-29, 31-34, 36, 37, 39, 45, 48, 49, 53, 54, 57, 59, 61, 63, 64, 66-68, 72, 78, 82-84, 86, 88, 90, 95, 100, 103, 104, 106, 109], pneumoparotiditis [12], pneumoparotitis [29,64,101], pneumatozele [1,4,128], pneumosialadentitis [24], pneumatocele glandulae parotitis [9], wind parotitis [13], pneumoparotidite [6], neumoparotiditis [10,76], pneumoparotitida [76], pneumoparotite [43], pneumoparotide [55,93], and parotisemphysem [47].…”