Neural activity based biofeedback therapy for Autism spectrum disorder through wearable wireless textile EEG monitoring system

Abstract

Mu waves, also known as mu rhythms, comb or wicket rhythms are synchronized patterns of electrical activity involving large numbers of neurons, in the part of the brain that controls voluntary functions. Controlling, manipulating, or gaining greater awareness of these functions can be done through the process of Biofeedback. Biofeedback is a process that enables an individual to learn how to change voluntary movements for purposes of improving health and performance through the means of instruments such as EEG which rapidly and accurately 'feedback' information to the user. Biofeedback is used for therapeutic purpose for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) by focusing on Mu waves for detecting anomalies in brain wave patterns of mirror neurons. Conventional EEG measurement systems use gel based gold cup electrodes, attached to the scalp with adhesive. It is obtrusive and wires sticking out of the electrodes to signal acquisition system make them impractical for use in sensitive subjects like infants and children with ASD. To remedy this, sensors can be incorporated with skull cap and baseball cap that are commonly used for infants and children. Feasibility of Textile based Sensor system has been investigated here. Textile based multi-electrode EEG, EOG and EMG monitoring system with embedded electronics for data acquisition and wireless transmission has been seamlessly integrated into fabric of these items for continuous detection of Mu waves. Textile electrodes were placed on positions C3, CZ, C4 according to 10-20 international system and their capability to detect Mu waves was tested. The system is ergonomic and can potentially be used for early diagnosis in infants and planning therapy for ASD patients.

Textile-Based Sensors for Biosignal Detection and Monitoring

“…To prepare a therapeutic biofeedback system for young patients with autism spectrum disorder, Sahi et al integrated textile-based EEG and EMG sensors into skull caps and baseball caps to enable unobtrusive monitoring of different brain patterns [86].…”

Integration of Conductive Materials with Textile Structures, an Overview

“…Sensor: A sensor is an electronic component that detects or measures a physical property and tracks and records, indicates, or otherwise responds to it. Typical textile-integrated sensor types include textile electrodes for strain [7][8][9][10][11], electrocardiography [12][13][14][15][16], electromyography [17][18][19], electroencephalography [20][21][22], humidity [23][24][25][26], temperature [27,28], pressure [28][29][30], light [31,32], and molecule detection [33,34].…”

Pengolahan Alat Ungkap Masalah (AUM) dengan Menggunakan Komputer Bagi Konselor

“…2017;Granger, M. J., Dick, G., Jacobson, C. M., & Van Slyke, C. 2007;Hanna, N. K. 2010). Beriringan dengan kondisi tersebut tidak menutup kemungkinan penyelenggaraan konseling hanya dilakukan secara face to face dalam satu ruang tertutup (Siradjuddin, H. K. 2017), namun bisa dilakukan melalui format jarak jauh (Ardi, Z., Yendi, F. M., & Ifdil, I., 2013;Taufik, T., & Ifdil, I., 2013;Dina, D. A. M., Sofiana, A., Wahyuningtyas, N., & Bhakti, C. P. 2016;Sahi, A., Rai, P., Oh, S., Ramasamy, M., Harbaugh, R. E., & Varadan, V. K. 2014). Konselor menggunakan media informasi sebagai alat bantu dalam menjalankan tugasnya, yang selanjutnya dikenal dengan istilah pelayanan e-konseling .…”