Neural and electromyography PEDOT electrodes for invasive stimulation and recording

Rossetti, Nicolò; Hagler, Jo’Elen; Kateb, Pierre; Cicoira, Fabio

doi:10.1039/d1tc00625h

Cited by 47 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…[59] Electrodeposition of conductive polymers (CPs) onto electrode is an effective way to reduce corrosion. [60,61] CPs such as poly(3,4-ethyelne dioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and PPy are chemically stable and highly conductive in water. Furthermore, oxidation of the polymer precedes corrosion of the metal electrode, so the CP can polymerize and coat the metal electrode to protect it.…”

Section: Chemical Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Neuroelectronics: From Neural Interfaces to Neuroprosthetics

Lee

Seo

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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signals transmit various information from internal and external environments of organisms to each organ. Neurological diseases can impede transmission of neural signals and can cause severe symptoms. These diseases significantly reduce the quality of life, and can also be life-threatening. Neurological disease is a leading cause of disability-adjusted lifeyears (DALYs) which affected more than 276 million people globally in 2016. [1] In 2010 in the US, DALYs of spinal cord injuries were 445 911, which was higher than those of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). [2] Drugs and neurosurgery are being developed to treat neurological diseases, but due to complex pathophysiology are not always effective. [3] Cell therapies repair the damaged tissues by introducing new cells, and gene therapies treat neurological disease by introducing genes into the body. These therapies enable fundamental treatment because they remove damaged cells and defective genes that are the causes of the diseases, but may cause severe or fatal side-effects such as immune responses. [4,5] Therefore, new methods for general treatment of neurological disease are being sought.Electric therapy is a promising method to diagnose disease by recording neural electronic signals and to treat disorders by using electrical signals to stimulate tissues. [6] The electrical stimulation has few side-effects, and is regarded as a possible and safe method to treat intractable neurological disorders. [7] For example, electrical stimulation has successfully recovered the lost functions from spinal cord injury. [8] However, despite these advantages, the development of neuroelectronics is still in its infancy; further research must be conducted to improve its efficacy and stability and to ensure that it does not limit daily life.Neuroelectronics can be divided into two main categories: neural interfaces that record or stimulate neural signals, and neuroprosthetics that replace damaged sensory and motor organs and neural signal pathway. Among the diverse forms of neuroprosthetics, this review focuses on bioelectronic devices that relay electrophysiological signals by bypassing damaged nerves. Conventionally, metal electrodes have been developed as a neural electrode for diagnosis and treatment due to their high electrical conductivity, and ease of processing in high density arrays. [9][10][11] For example, use of metal electrodes for electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising method to diagnose epilepsy. [12] Also, deep Requirements and recent advances in research on organic neuroelectronics are outlined herein. Neuroelectronics such as neural interfaces and neuroprosthetics provide a promising approach to diagnose and treat neurological diseases. However, the current neural interfaces are rigid and not biocompatible, so they induce an immune response and deterioration of neural signal transmission. Organic materials are promising candidates for neural interfaces, due to their mechanical softness, excellent electrochemical p...

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Section: Chemical Stabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Organic Neuroelectronics: From Neural Interfaces to Neuroprosthetics

Lee

Seo

et al. 2022

Advanced Materials

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“…Because of their low elastic modulus, good biocompatibility and excellent conductive properties, CPs have been employed in a wide range of energy storage and biomedical applications, such as supercapacitors [177,178], biosensors [179,180], tissue engineering [181,182] and drug delivery systems [183,184]. Recently, many studies have focused on the applications of CPs in neural interfacing [185][186][187][188][189][190].…”

Section: Conducting Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Metallic and Polymeric Coatings for Neural Interfacing: Structures, Properties and Tissue Responses

et al. 2021

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Neural electrodes are essential for nerve signal recording, neurostimulation, neuroprosthetics and neuroregeneration, which are critical for the advancement of brain science and the establishment of the next-generation brain–electronic interface, central nerve system therapeutics and artificial intelligence. However, the existing neural electrodes suffer from drawbacks such as foreign body responses, low sensitivity and limited functionalities. In order to overcome the drawbacks, efforts have been made to create new constructions and configurations of neural electrodes from soft materials, but it is also more practical and economic to improve the functionalities of the existing neural electrodes via surface coatings. In this article, recently reported surface coatings for neural electrodes are carefully categorized and analyzed. The coatings are classified into different categories based on their chemical compositions, i.e., metals, metal oxides, carbons, conducting polymers and hydrogels. The characteristic microstructures, electrochemical properties and fabrication methods of the coatings are comprehensively presented, and their structure–property correlations are discussed. Special focus is given to the biocompatibilities of the coatings, including their foreign-body response, cell affinity, and long-term stability during implantation. This review article can provide useful and sophisticated insights into the functional design, material selection and structural configuration for the next-generation multifunctional coatings of neural electrodes.

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“…These parameters can provide information in defining the points of electrode failure, which means the materials on the peeling off surface of the electrode chip. 37 Furthermore, the reason that the impedance in the microchannel increases over time is caused by the effect of electrode fouling that can be generated by the absorption rather than the solution. 38…”

Section: Electrochemical Analysis Of Microelectrodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microfluidic electrode array chip for electrical stimulation-mediated axonal regeneration

Choi

Park

et al. 2022

Lab Chip

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Neural and electromyography PEDOT electrodes for invasive stimulation and recording

Abstract: Implantable biomedical electrodes are widely used for biological signal recording and stimulation, with applications ranging from Parkinson disease treatment to brain machine interfaces. Due to the inherent difficulties associated with...

Cited by 47 publications

References 122 publications

Organic Neuroelectronics: From Neural Interfaces to Neuroprosthetics

Organic Neuroelectronics: From Neural Interfaces to Neuroprosthetics

Advanced Metallic and Polymeric Coatings for Neural Interfacing: Structures, Properties and Tissue Responses

Microfluidic electrode array chip for electrical stimulation-mediated axonal regeneration

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