Neural and genetic determinants of creativity

Abstract

Creative thinking plays a vital role in almost all aspects of human life. However, little is known about the neural and genetic mechanisms underlying creative thinking. Based on a cross-validation based predictive framework, we searched from the whole-brain connectome (34,716 functional connectivities) and whole genome data (309,996 SNPs) in two datasets (all collected by Southwest University, Chongqing) consisting of altogether 236 subjects, for a better understanding of the brain and genetic underpinning of creativity. Using the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking score, we found that high figural creativity is mainly related to high functional connectivity between the executive control, attention, and memory retrieval networks (strong top-down effects); and to low functional connectivity between the default mode network, the ventral attention network, and the subcortical and primary sensory networks (weak bottom-up processing) in the first dataset (consisting of 138 subjects). High creativity also correlates significantly with mutations of genes coding for both excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Combining the brain connectome and the genomic data we can predict individuals' creativity scores with an accuracy of 78.4%, which is significantly better than prediction using single modality data (gene or functional connectivity), indicating the importance of combining multi-modality data. Our neuroimaging prediction model built upon the first dataset was cross-validated by a completely new dataset of 98 subjects (r = 0.267, p = 0.0078) with an accuracy of 64.6%. In addition, the creativity-related functional connectivity network we identified in the first dataset was still significantly correlated with the creativity score in the new dataset (p<10). In summary, our research demonstrates that strong top-down control versus weak bottom-up processes underlie creativity, which is modulated by competition between the glutamate and GABA neurotransmitter systems. Our work provides the first insights into both the neural and the genetic bases of creativity.

Brain flexibility associated with need for cognition contributes to creative achievement

“…As mentioned, the functional integration of multiple brain networks may serve as the neurobiological basis of NFC. Creativity as a highly complex cognitive behavior also largely relies on the interactions between distinct brain regions or large‐scale networks (Beaty, Benedek, Silvia, & Schacter, ; Beaty et al, ; Liu et al, ; Sun et al, ). For example, both in task and resting‐state fMRI studies, the coupling of the DMN and control networks (e.g., FPN), as well as an intermediate switching role of SN, are considered a crucial mechanism of creativity (Beaty, Benedek, Kaufman, & Silvia, ; Beaty et al, , ; Chen et al, ).…”

The neural correlates of ideation in product design engineering practitioners

“…However, Dietrich (2019, p. 38) suggests that what 'scientists, entrepreneurs, designers, or ballet dancers must do to be creative in their respective domains' is too different for this to be a foregone conclusion. The findings emerging from recent neuroimaging studies suggest that creative ideation is likely to be a complex, higher-order phenomenon that may potentially involve a multitude of interacting processes and neural regions at different scales (Liu et al 2018b). There is a need for studies in areas such as PDE to explore whether these vary across domains, or if there is some common neural basis underpinning different creative ideation tasks.…”

Modulations in resting state networks of subcortical structures linked to creativity

“…The low-creativity network included a variety of subcortical nodes, which is in contrast to the former results summarized above (Takeuchi Tik et al, 2018). In this respect, another recent study could identify a stronger top-down compared to a bottom-up effect in creativity, with more subcortical areas involved in networks that were negatively correlated to figurative creativity (Liu et al, 2018). However, in both studies subcortical nodes were also included in the highly creative state.…”