Neural Control and Modulation of Swimming Speed in the Larval Zebrafish

Severi, Kristen E.; Portugues, Rubén; Marques, João C.; O’Malley, Donald M.; Orger, Michael B.; Engert, Florian

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.06.032

Cited by 228 publications

(247 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…As we found attraction early in development, one could take advantage of the high transparency of zebrafish larvae to perform image processing of social information in neuronal circuits (41)(42)(43). A natural extension of attention mechanisms to more complex rules of interaction in other contexts or species is to consider biases in attention by a variety of properties of the other animals, including their distance, speed, direction of movement, or body posture.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ontogeny of collective behavior reveals a simple attraction rule

Hinz

Polavieja

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

131

139

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The striking patterns of collective animal behavior, including ant trails, bird flocks, and fish schools, can result from local interactions among animals without centralized control. Several of these rules of interaction have been proposed, but it has proven difficult to discriminate which ones are implemented in nature. As a method to better discriminate among interaction rules, we propose to follow the slow birth of a rule of interaction during animal development. Specifically, we followed the development of zebrafish, Danio rerio, and found that larvae turn toward each other from 7 days postfertilization and increase the intensity of interactions until 3 weeks. This developmental dataset allows testing the parameter-free predictions of a simple rule in which animals attract each other part of the time, with attraction defined as turning toward another animal chosen at random. This rule makes each individual likely move to a high density of conspecifics, and moving groups naturally emerge. Development of attraction strength corresponds to an increase in the time spent in attraction behavior. Adults were found to follow the same attraction rule, suggesting a potential significance for adults of other species.collective behavior | interaction rule | zebrafish | development | shoaling C ollective animal behavior is studied with increasing detail in natural habitats (1-6) and laboratory conditions (7-14). Local interactions among animals can, in many cases, explain these patterns of collective behavior, and a variety of interaction rules have been proposed (7,8,11,(14)(15)(16)(17)(18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25)(26)(27).One of the technical problems in discriminating among possible interaction rules is the difficulty of obtaining high-quality experimental data (25). We reasoned that the ontogeny of attraction behavior offers a unique opportunity to obtain a large highquality dataset. This dataset should constrain the space of possible models to those that can explain interactions every day during development.We turned to zebrafish, Danio rerio, a species in which larvae seem not to attract each other after hatching but that develop shoaling and schooling behavior during the first month of development (12,14,(28)(29)(30)(31)(32)(33). Our choice was based on our previous work in the adult suggesting a simplicity of the rules compared with other species (14).In this work, we follow the formation of attraction behavior during the ontogeny of collective behavior in zebrafish. We used our newly developed tracking system of animals in groups, idTracker (34), in a total of 524 videos for the study of development and 25 videos for adults. We found that zebrafish are very weakly attracted to each other by 7 days postfertilization (dpf), and the attraction gets stronger each day during development. By 9 dpf, larvae are likely found close to each other, and, by 15 dpf, it is common to see animals moving in groups. Analysis and modeling of the developmental dataset point to attraction as turning toward a randomly chosen consp...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Ontogeny of collective behavior reveals a simple attraction rule

Hinz

Polavieja

2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

131

139

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“…Many of the major behavioral co-morbidities with relevance to ASD, including sleep-wake disturbances, seizures, and gastrointestinal problems (Geschwind, 2009), can be studied in these early larval stages. Using a high speed camera, detailed kinematic analysis of larval spontaneous and visually-evoked motor responses can detect alterations in muscle coordination, inter-bout intervals, swim speed, and other parameters (Fontaine et al, 2008;Severi et al, 2014). Sensory sensitivity can be measured by examining sensorimotor gating and habituation of startle responses to acoustic (Burgess and Granato, 2007;Wolman et al, 2011) or visual (Emran et al, 2007) stimuli.…”

Section: Unique Advantages Of Zebrafish In Asd Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The zebrafish as a promising tool for modeling human brain disorders: A review based upon an IBNS Symposium

Shams

Rihel

Ortíz

et al. 2018

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews

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The zebrafish represents an excellent compromise between system complexity and practical simplicity, features that make it useful for modeling and mechanistic analysis of complex brain disorders. Also promising are screens for psychoactive drugs with effects on larval and adult zebrafish behavior. This review, based upon a recent symposium held at the 2016 IBNS Congress, provides different perspectives on how the zebrafish may be utilized to advance research into human central nervous system disorders. It starts with a discussion on an important bottleneck in zebrafish research, measuring the behavior of this species (specifically shoaling), and continues with examples on research on autism spectrum disorder in larval zebrafish, on screening natural products for compounds with psychoactive properties in adult zebrafish, and on the development of a zebrafish model of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders. By providing information on a broad spectrum of brain disorders, experimental methods, and scientific approaches using both larval and adult zebrafish, the review is intended to showcase this underutilized laboratory species for behavioral neuroscience and psychopharmacology research.

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“…In zebrafish larvae, lasers have been used to ablate individual descending neurons (Severi et al, 2014) and lesion methods linked to gene expression have been used to silence molecular classes of descending neurons (Del Bene et al, 2010). Descending neurons have diverse axon branching patterns, including unilateral or bilateral outputs and collaterals restricted to anterior, posterior, dorsal or ventral spinal areas (Gahtan et al, 2005).…”

Section: Implications For Understanding Neural Mechanisms Of Motor Comentioning

confidence: 99%

Three-dimensional motion tracking reveals a diving component to visual and auditory escape swims in zebrafish larvae

Bishop

Spence-Chorman

Gahtan

2016

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Escape behaviors have been studied in zebrafish by neuroscientists seeking cellular-level descriptions of neural circuits but few studies have examined vertical swimming during escapes. We analyzed three-dimensional swimming paths of zebrafish larvae during visually-evoked and auditory-evoked escapes while the fish were in a cubical tank with equal vertical and lateral range. Visually evoked escapes, elicited by sudden dimming of ambient light, consistently elicited downward spiral swimming (dives) with faster vertical than lateral movement. Auditory taps also elicited rapid escape swimming with equivalent total distance traveled but with significantly less vertical and more lateral movement. Visually evoked dives usually ended with the zebrafish hitting the bottom of the 10 cm 3 tank. Therefore, visually evoked dives were also analyzed in a tubular tank with 50 cm of vertical range, and in most cases larvae reached the bottom of that tank during a 120 s dimming stimulus. Light-evoked spiral diving in zebrafish may be an innate defense reflex against specific predation threats. Since visual and auditory escapes are initially similar but dives persist only during visual escapes, our findings lay the groundwork for studying a type of decision-making within zebrafish sensorimotor circuits.

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Neural Control and Modulation of Swimming Speed in the Larval Zebrafish

Cited by 228 publications

References 69 publications

Ontogeny of collective behavior reveals a simple attraction rule

Ontogeny of collective behavior reveals a simple attraction rule

The zebrafish as a promising tool for modeling human brain disorders: A review based upon an IBNS Symposium

Three-dimensional motion tracking reveals a diving component to visual and auditory escape swims in zebrafish larvae

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