Neural correlates of body and face perception following bilateral destruction of the primary visual cortices

Stock, Jan Van den; Tamietto, Marco; Zhan, Minye; Heinecke, Armin; Hervais-Adelman, Alexis; Legrand, Lore; Pegna, Alan J.; Gelder, Béatrice de

doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00030

Cited by 53 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Clearly, the present results are limited to the perception of facial expressions. It remains open to further investigation to establish whether similar changes in amygdala interregional connectivity also occur in response to different classes of emotional stimuli5455 or for other aspects of emotion processing beyond perception56. It also remains unknown whether gender differences affect amygdala’s dynamic connectional changes, as previously reported for amygdala activity57.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Dynamic Changes in Amygdala Psychophysiological Connectivity Reveal Distinct Neural Networks for Facial Expressions of Basic Emotions

Diano

Tamietto

Celeghin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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134

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The quest to characterize the neural signature distinctive of different basic emotions has recently come under renewed scrutiny. Here we investigated whether facial expressions of different basic emotions modulate the functional connectivity of the amygdala with the rest of the brain. To this end, we presented seventeen healthy participants (8 females) with facial expressions of anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness and emotional neutrality and analyzed amygdala’s psychophysiological interaction (PPI). In fact, PPI can reveal how inter-regional amygdala communications change dynamically depending on perception of various emotional expressions to recruit different brain networks, compared to the functional interactions it entertains during perception of neutral expressions. We found that for each emotion the amygdala recruited a distinctive and spatially distributed set of structures to interact with. These changes in amygdala connectional patters characterize the dynamic signature prototypical of individual emotion processing, and seemingly represent a neural mechanism that serves to implement the distinctive influence that each emotion exerts on perceptual, cognitive, and motor responses. Besides these differences, all emotions enhanced amygdala functional integration with premotor cortices compared to neutral faces. The present findings thus concur to reconceptualise the structure-function relation between brain-emotion from the traditional one-to-one mapping toward a network-based and dynamic perspective.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Dynamic Changes in Amygdala Psychophysiological Connectivity Reveal Distinct Neural Networks for Facial Expressions of Basic Emotions

Diano

Tamietto

Celeghin

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

Self Cite

134

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“…findings may indicate a more specific role of the early visual cortex in the network for BM processing than previously assumed. Ipsilateral and contralateral top-down projections to occipitotemporal areas may contribute to nonconscious BM processing in individuals with damage to the early visual cortex (76,77).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Structural and effective brain connectivity underlying biological motion detection

Sokolov

Zeidman

Erb

et al. 2018

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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The perception of actions underwrites a wide range of socio-cognitive functions. Previous neuroimaging and lesion studies identified several components of the brain network for visual biological motion (BM) processing, but interactions among these components and their relationship to behavior remain little understood. Here, using a recently developed integrative analysis of structural and effective connectivity derived from high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), we assess the cerebro-cerebellar network for processing of camouflaged point-light BM. Dynamic causal modeling (DCM) informed by probabilistic tractography indicates that the right superior temporal sulcus (STS) serves as an integrator within the temporal module. However, the STS does not appear to be a "gatekeeper" in the functional integration of the occipito-temporal and frontal regions: The fusiform gyrus (FFG) and middle temporal cortex (MTC) are also connected to the right inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and insula, indicating multiple parallel pathways. BM-specific loops of effective connectivity are seen between the left lateral cerebellar lobule Crus I and right STS, as well as between the left Crus I and right insula. The prevalence of a structural pathway between the FFG and STS is associated with better BM detection. Moreover, a canonical variate analysis shows that the visual sensitivity to BM is best predicted by BM-specific effective connectivity from the FFG to STS and from the IFG, insula, and STS to the early visual cortex. Overall, the study characterizes the architecture of the cerebro-cerebellar network for BM processing and offers prospects for assessing the social brain.biological motion | dynamic causal modelling | diffusion tensor imaging | functional MRI | network analysis N onverbal social cognition (inferring the intentions and affective and mental states of others based on nonverbal information) predominates in our daily life (1-3). Understanding of bodily expressions represents a key element of social cognition (3-5). Perception of dynamic bodily signals is commonly assessed by point-light biological motion (BM; ref. 6), as it enables one to separate the effects of motion from other attributes such as body shape or facial expressions (Fig. 1). Innate tuning to body motion is seen across species (7,8). Studies using different imaging modalities, such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), positron emission tomography, electroencephalography (EEG), and magnetoencephalography, have unveiled components of the BM processing network. However, communication within this network remains little understood.The main foci of reported activation are the superior temporal sulcus (STS; refs. 9-19), fusiform gyrus (FFG;, middle temporal cortex (MTC; refs. 11 and 20), parietal regions (10,17,21,23), inferior frontal gyrus (IFG; refs. 14 and 24), bilateral insula (14, 25), and the left lateral cerebellum (26). More recently, by using whole-head ultra-high-field 9.4T fMRI and te...

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“…In fact, analyses of accuracy are typically based on percentage of correct responses and potentially reflect not only patients' sensitivity to a given stimulus attribute, but also their response bias. Therefore, following the original study of Azzopardi and Cowey (1997), scaled reports or post-decision wagering procedures have been introduced, along with signal detection analyses, in the study of affective blindsight or other types of nonconscious emotion perception (Tamietto et al, 2015;Van den Stock et al, 2014). This procedure requires the patient to provide a first response concerning the presence/absence of a stimulus or of one attribute (e.g., its emotional content), and afterward to grade confidence about the first response on a scale.…”

Section: Methodological Issues In the Study Of Affective Blindsightmentioning

confidence: 99%

From affective blindsight to emotional consciousness

Celeghin

Gelder

Tamietto

2015

Consciousness and Cognition

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113

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a b s t r a c tFollowing destruction or denervation of the primary visual cortex (V1) cortical blindness ensues. Affective blindsight refers to the uncanny ability of such patients to respond correctly, or above chance level, to visual emotional expressions presented to their blind fields. Fifteen years after its original discovery, affective blindsight still fascinates neuroscientists and philosophers alike, as it offers a unique window on the vestigial properties of our visual system that, though present in the intact brain, tend to be unnoticed or even actively inhibited by conscious processes. Here we review available studies on affective blindsight with the intent to clarify its functional properties, neural bases and theoretical implications. Evidence converges on the role of subcortical structures of old evolutionary origin such as the superior colliculus, the pulvinar and the amygdala in mediating affective blindsight and nonconscious perception of emotions. We conclude that approaching consciousness, and its absence, from the vantage point of emotion processing may uncover important relations between the two phenomena, as consciousness may have evolved as an evolutionary specialization to interact with others and become aware of their social and emotional expressions.

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Neural correlates of body and face perception following bilateral destruction of the primary visual cortices

Cited by 53 publications

References 51 publications

Dynamic Changes in Amygdala Psychophysiological Connectivity Reveal Distinct Neural Networks for Facial Expressions of Basic Emotions

Dynamic Changes in Amygdala Psychophysiological Connectivity Reveal Distinct Neural Networks for Facial Expressions of Basic Emotions

Structural and effective brain connectivity underlying biological motion detection

From affective blindsight to emotional consciousness

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