Neural correlates of cue reactivity in individuals with smartphone addiction

Schmitgen, Mike M.; Horvath, Juliane; Mundinger, Christina; Wolf, Nadine D.; Sambataro, Fabio; Hirjak, Dušan; Kubera, Katharina M.; Koenig, Julian

doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106422

Cited by 44 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Furthermore, inattention symptoms have been implicated in risk for smartphone addiction and problematic smartphone use [ 202 ]. Therefore, handling distraction, which has neural correlates [ 203 ], may be the means to resisting cue reactivity, implicated in smartphone addiction, in reduced cognitive performance [ 113 ] or in obsessive-compulsive symptoms [ 204 ]. Further research is required to assess these cognitive and emotive dimensions of smartphone distraction and its effects on engagement in line with current trends [ 205 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use

Throuvala

Griffiths

Rennoldson

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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Evidence suggests a growing call for the prevention of excessive smartphone and social media use and the ensuing distraction that arises affecting academic achievement and productivity. A ten-day online randomized controlled trial with the use of smartphone apps, engaging participants in mindfulness exercises, self-monitoring and mood tracking, was implemented amongst UK university students (n = 143). Participants were asked to complete online pre- and post-intervention assessments. Results indicated high effect sizes in reduction of smartphone distraction and improvement scores on a number of self-reported secondary psychological outcomes. The intervention was not effective in reducing habitual behaviours, nomophobia, or time spent on social media. Mediation analyses demonstrated that: (i) emotional self-awareness but not mindful attention mediated the relationship between intervention effects and smartphone distraction, and (ii) online vigilance mediated the relationship between smartphone distraction and problematic social media use. The present study provides preliminary evidence of the efficacy of an intervention for decreased smartphone distraction and highlights psychological processes involved in this emergent phenomenon in the smartphone literature. Online interventions may serve as complementary strategies to reduce distraction levels and promote insight into online engagement. More research is required to elucidate the mechanisms of digital distraction and assess its implications in problematic use.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use

Throuvala

Griffiths

Rennoldson

et al. 2020

IJERPH

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show abstract

“…Despite the novelty of this proposal, other authors have found data that supports the idea that right Brodmann’s area 45 of the right hemisphere could be linked to behavioral addictions closely linked to empathy and social relationships. For example, Schmitgen et al (2020) found that subjects with Smartphone addiction showed greater activation in the right prefrontal cortex, specifically in the pars triangularis (right BA 45). In a very similar sense, Inhóf et al (2019) has shown that women who self-reported problematic use or addiction to social networks on the Internet showed greater activation in the same area: the pars triangularis (right BA 45) of the right hemisphere and also in the right pars opercularis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Neurosciences of Health Communication: An fNIRS Analysis of Prefrontal Cortex and Porn Consumption in Young Women for the Development of Prevention Health Programs

et al. 2020

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This work explores the use of fNIRS neuroimaging technique using young female college students with different levels of consumption of pornography, and the activation of the prefrontal cortex (cue reactivity) when viewing a pornographic clip (cue exposure) versus a control clip. The results indicate that the viewing of the pornographic clip (vs. control clip) causes an activation of Brodmann’s area 45 of the right hemisphere (BA 45, pars triangularis) ( p < 0.01). An effect also appears between the level of self-reported consumption and the activation of right BA 45: the higher the level of self-reported consumption, the greater the activation ( p < 0.01). On the other hand, those participants who have never consumed pornographic material do not show activity of the right BA 45 compared to the control clip ( p < 0.01) indicating a qualitative difference between non-consumers and consumers. These results are consistent with other research made in the field of addictions. It is hypothesized that the mirror neuron system may be involved, through the mechanism of empathy, which could provoke vicarious eroticism. Finally, we suggest the applications that these results may have for primary and secondary prevention programs in the field of problematic consumption of pornography.

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“…Nutzeroptionen zu problematischem Verhalten führen. So legt die Datenlage nahe, das Smartphones seltener spielbezogen genutzt werden als zu kommunikativen Zwecken, und auch hier weniger für direkten Telefonkontakt als für bild-und textnachrichtenbezogene Kommunikation [19,20]. Die sozial-(kommunikative) Funktion könnte durchaus eine entscheidende Determinante der SPA sein, bzw.…”

Section: Smartphone Addiction?unclassified

“…In einer zweiten Studie wurden bei Personen mit einer SPA neuronale Korrelate der Reizreaktivität ("cue reactivity", CR) untersucht [19]. In der Suchtforschung ist CR ein etabliertes Paradigma, das Reaktionen auf spezifische suchtassoziierte Stimuli untersucht.…”

Section: Neuronale Korrelate Der Smartphone Addictionunclassified

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„Smartphone addiction”: Fakt oder Fiktion?

Wolf¹,

Wolf²

2020

Nervenheilkunde

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ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Gegenstand und Ziel In den vergangenen Jahren wurde vermehrt darauf hingewiesen, dass exzessive Smartphone-Nutzung Merkmale abhängigen Verhaltens aufweisen und damit auch einen eigenständigen Störungswert erlangen kann. In diesem Kontext wurde der Begriff der „smartphone addiction“ eingeführt. In dieser Übersicht soll der aktuelle Wissensstand zu diesem neuen Phänomen zusammengefasst werden. Material und Methoden Selektive Literaturrecherche zur „problematischen“ oder „exzessiven“ Smartphone-Nutzung resp. „smartphone addiction“ unter Berücksichtigung aktueller Befunde aus der Neurobildgebung. Ergebnisse Die „smartphone addiction“ (SPA) kann psychometrisch reliabel erfasst werden. Konservative Schätzungen gehen von einer Prävalenz von ca. 14–31 % bei Jugendlichen und jungen Erwachsenen aus. Die SPA scheint mit vielfältigen anderen Symptomen assoziiert zu sein, insbesondere mit Angst, Depressivität, Impulsivität, Emotions- und Selbswertregulati onsdefiziten. Rezente Befunde der Neurobildgebung verweisen auf neurobiologische Parallelen zu anderen substanzgebundenen und substanzunabhängigen Suchterkrankungen. Schlussfolgerung/klinische Relevanz Die SPA ist ein relativ neues Phänomen, jedoch keine eigenständige Krankheitsentität. Parallelen zur DSM-5 „Internet Gaming Disorder“ (IGD) sind nicht zu übersehen, und möglicherweise könnte die SPA als „mobile“ Variante digitaler Spielstörungen betrachtet werden. Erste neurobiologische Befunde konnten das kategoriale Konstrukt der SPA validieren mit Verweis auf Gehirnregionen und neuronale Netzwerke, die Sucht und abhängiges Verhalten aufrechterhalten. SPA-spezifische Therapieoptionen sind derzeit nicht verfügbar, sie dürften sich jedoch stark anlehnen an Behandlungsprinzipien der IGD. Präventive und psychoedukative Maßnahmen sollten in der Zukunft gestärkt werden.

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Neural correlates of cue reactivity in individuals with smartphone addiction

Cited by 44 publications

References 59 publications

Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use

Mind over Matter: Testing the Efficacy of an Online Randomized Controlled Trial to Reduce Distraction from Smartphone Use

The Neurosciences of Health Communication: An fNIRS Analysis of Prefrontal Cortex and Porn Consumption in Young Women for the Development of Prevention Health Programs

„Smartphone addiction”: Fakt oder Fiktion?

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