Neural Correlates of Predictive and Postdictive Switching Mechanisms for Internal Models

Imamizu, Hiroshi; Kawato, Mitsuo

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1106-08.2008

Cited by 51 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…This is consistent with our behavioral (Imamizu, Sugimoto et al, 2007) and fMRI (Imamizu & Kawato, 2008) studies indicating the two independent switching mechanisms.…”

Section: Predictive Switching Of Internal Modelssupporting

confidence: 93%

“…In our new experiment, discrete pointing movements and event-related fMRI were used to separate activity related to the presentation of the cognitive cue from that related to sensorimotor feedback (Imamizu & Kawato, 2008). The task for subjects followed that in our behavioral study, and subjects suYciently learned the 40° CW and 40° CCW visuomotor rotations before scanning of brain activity.…”

Section: Predictive Switching Of Internal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brain mechanisms for predictive control by switching internal models: implications for higher-order cognitive functions

Imamizu

Kawato

2009

Psychological Research

104

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Humans can guide their actions toward the realization of their intentions. Flexible, rapid and precise realization of intentions and goals relies on the brain learning to control its actions on external objects and to predict the consequences of this control. Neural mechanisms that mimic the input-output properties of our own body and other objects can be used to support prediction and control, and such mechanisms are called internal models. We first summarize functional neuroimaging, behavioral and computational studies of the brain mechanisms related to acquisition, modular organization, and the predictive switching of internal models mainly for tool use. These mechanisms support predictive control and flexible switching of intentional actions. We then review recent studies demonstrating that internal models are crucial for the execution of not only immediate actions but also higher-order cognitive functions, including optimization of behaviors toward long-term goals, social interactions based on prediction of others' actions and mental states, and language processing. These studies suggest that a concept of internal models can consistently explain the neural mechanisms and computational principles needed for fundamental sensorimotor functions as well as higher-order cognitive functions.

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“…This is consistent with our behavioral (Imamizu, Sugimoto et al, 2007) and fMRI (Imamizu & Kawato, 2008) studies indicating the two independent switching mechanisms.…”

Section: Predictive Switching Of Internal Modelssupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Predictive Switching Of Internal Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brain mechanisms for predictive control by switching internal models: implications for higher-order cognitive functions

Imamizu

Kawato

2009

Psychological Research

104

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This result supports the idea that during learning not an existing model of the complete body plus the current task is adapted-or even newly learnedbut only an additional model of the object or the associated movement dynamics is constructed. Additional support comes from Davidson and Wolpert (2004) and more and more evidence is emerging, favouring a modular organisation of internal models (Imamizu and Kawato 2008;Ghahramani and Wolpert 1997;Krakauer et al 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Universally manipulable body models—dual quaternion representations in layered and dynamic MMCs

Schilling

2011

Auton Robot

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Surprisingly complex tasks can be solved using a behaviour-based, reactive control system, i.e., a system that operates without an explicit internal representation of the environment and the own body. Nevertheless, application of internal representations has gained interest in recent years because such internal representations can be used to solve problems of perception and motor control (sensor fusion, inverse modeling) and may in addition be applied to higher cognitive functions as are the ability to plan ahead. To endow such a system with the ability to find new behavioural solutions to a given problem in a broad range of possibilities, the internal representation must be universally manipulable, i.e. the model should be able to simulate all movements that are physically possible for the body given. Using recurrent neural networks, models showing this faculty have been proposed being based on the principle of mean of multiple computation (MMC). The extension of this approach to three dimensions requires the introduction of a joint angle representation which allows for computation of mean values. Here we use dual quaternions that are singularity-free and unambiguous which allow for shortest path interpolation. In addition, it has been shown that dual quaternions are the most efficient and most compact form for representing rigid transformations. The model can easily be adapted to bodies of

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“…They concluded that explicit knowledge not only supports the switching between two opposite rotations, but also enhances the long-term development of usually incompatible internal models. If explicit knowledge addresses interference by reducing interactions of incompatible internal models, other cognitive aspects could also play a relevant role, executive functions in particular: Switching of sensorimotor discordances activates the prefrontal cortex (Girgenrath et al 2008;Imamizu and Kawato 2008), which is typically associated with executive functions (Anderson et al 2008;Smith and Jonides 1999). Therefore, the present study also tested whether executive functions predict the amount of interference between two subsequent adaptations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…Seidler et al (2012) described a functional overlap of neural activity between sensorimotor adaptation and a working memory task in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and bilateral inferior parietal lobule. Girgenrath et al (2008) as well as Imamizu and Kawato (2008) reported that the switching of sensorimotor discordances activates the prefrontal cortex and, depending on the task, either the superior or inferior parietal cortex. These neuronal activities support the assumption of an involvement of executive functions in visuomotor adaptation.…”

Section: Role Of Executive Functionsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Interference between adaptation to double steps and adaptation to rotated feedback in spite of differences in directional selectivity

Schmitz

2016

Exp Brain Res

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Two key features of sensorimotor adaptation are the directional selectivity of adaptive changes and the interference of adaptations to opposite directions. The present study investigated whether directional selectivity and interference of adaptation are related to executive functions and whether these phenomena differ between two methods for visuomotor adaptation. Subjects adapted at three target directions to clockwise or counterclockwise rotated feedback or to clockwise or counterclockwise target displacements (double steps). Both adaptation methods induce rotations of movement trajectories into the same direction, but provide visual information differently. The results showed that adaptation progressed differently between three targets. When movements adapted clockwise, adaptation was best at the most clockwise located target, and when movements adapted counterclockwise, it was best at the most counterclockwise located target, suggesting that spatial generalization between target directions is related to the direction of motor adaptation. The two adaptation methods produced different adaptation patterns, which indicate a further impact of visual information. A second adaptation to the other and opposite-directed discordance was worse than naive adaptation and washed out the aftereffects from the first adaptation, confirming that both adaptation methods interfered. Executive functions were significant covariate for overall interference and interference of target-specific adaptation. The results suggest that directional selectivity of adaptation is shaped by the direction of motor adaptation and the visual information provided. The interference of both adaptation methods indicates that they share adaptive mechanisms for recalibration. The interference is the lower the better subjects are able to cognitively switch between tasks and to inhibit prepotent responses. Therefore, cognitive functions seem to be involved in the inhibition of non-adequate sensorimotor responses.

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Neural Correlates of Predictive and Postdictive Switching Mechanisms for Internal Models

Cited by 51 publications

References 65 publications

Brain mechanisms for predictive control by switching internal models: implications for higher-order cognitive functions

Brain mechanisms for predictive control by switching internal models: implications for higher-order cognitive functions

Universally manipulable body models—dual quaternion representations in layered and dynamic MMCs

Interference between adaptation to double steps and adaptation to rotated feedback in spite of differences in directional selectivity

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