Neural network based heuristic fractional order adaptive PID‐controller for eliminating communication time delay in multi‐area LFC

Abstract

Communication of interconnected power system components with each other and with control centers is provided by using various communication links. However, these links can cause significant time delays (TD) depending on the types, distance and conditions of the communication channel. In addition to temporary time delays caused by the time constants of the components due to system failures, this article draws attention to the negative effects that may be caused by permanent communication time delays in particular, as different from the literature. The communication time delays can disrupt the stable operation of power systems and even cause the whole system to breakdown by making it unstable, when combining with other delays. In the study, the fiber‐optic (F/O) links are assumed to commonly use in supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems and the communication time delays are calculated based on this scenario. However, it is no doubt that less used radio frequency (RF)‐links will create more time delays. Moreover, to eliminate the negative effects of these types of time delays, a novel neural network based‐heuristic fractional order hybrid adaptive proportional‐integral‐derivative (ML‐H‐PIλDμ) controller for multi area load frequency control (LFC) scheme is developed and analyzed.

Novel Robust Control Using a Fractional Adaptive PID Regulator for an unstable system

“…A fractional-order controller for stabilizing an unstable open loop is proposed in [14][15][16]. In [17], adaptive fractional PID controller based on neural network is proposed. In [5,11,17,18], an adaptive fractional PID controller was investigated.…”

“…In [17], adaptive fractional PID controller based on neural network is proposed. In [5,11,17,18], an adaptive fractional PID controller was investigated. This work's primary contribution is using of novel fractional adaptive PID controller (FAPID) approach in order to reduce noise effect by introducing a fractional order integrator in the the conventional adaptive PID controller.The present work emphasizes on the improvement of classical feedback adaptive PID controller (APID) by implementing a fractional approach specifically, the introduction of fractional order integrator to control the noise effects.…”